US History

Federal Leadership

Joe Biden
President of the United States

Joseph R. Biden

46th President of the United States
January 20, 2021 to present

Elected: November 3, 2020 (306-232)
Home State: Delaware
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Vice President of the United States (2009-17)
        United States Senator (1973-2009)
Kamala Harris
Vice President of the United States

Kamala D. Harris

49th Vice President of the United States
January 20, 2021 to present

Elected: November 3, 2020 (306-232)
Home State: California
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: United States Senator (2017-21)
        Attorney General of California (2011-17)
        District Attorney of San Francisco (2004-11)
Mike Johnson
Speaker of the House of Representatives

J. Michael Johnson

56th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
October 25, 2023 to present

Elected: October 25, 2023 (220-209)
Home State: Louisiana
Political Party: Republican
Past Experience: Vice Chair of the House Republican Conference (2021-2023)
        Member of the U.S. House of Representatives (2017-present)
        Member of the Louisiana House of Representatives (2015-2017)
Patty Murray
President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate

Patricia L. Murray

91st President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate
January 3, 2023 to present

Elected: January 3, 2023 (51-49)
Home State: Washington
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: United States Senator (1993-present)
        Member of the Washington State Senate (1989-1993)
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Chuck Schumer
Majority Leader of the United States Senate

Charles E. Schumer

Democratic and Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 20, 2021 to present

Elected: November 16, 2016 (as Minority Leader)
Home State: New York
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: United States Senator (1999-present)
        Member of the House of Representatives (1981-99)
        Member of the New York State Assembly (1975-80)
John G. Roberts

17th Chief Justice the United States Supreme Court
September 29, 2005 to present

Confirmed: September 29, 2005 (78-22)
Home State: Maryland
Appointed By: George W. Bush (R)
Past Experience: Judge of the United States Court of Appeals (2003-05)
        Principal Deputy Solicitor General of the United States (1989-93)
        Associate Counsel to the President (1982-86)
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John Roberts
Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court

The President’s Cabinet

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Antony Blinken
Secretary of State

Antony J. Blinken

71st Secretary of State of the United States
January 26, 2021 to present

Confirmed: January 26, 2021 (78-22)
Home State: New York
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Deputy Secretary of State (2015-17)
        Deputy National Security Advisor (2013-15)
Janet Yellen
Secretary of the Teasury

Janet Yellen

78th Secretary of the Teasury
January 25, 2021 to present

Confirmed: January 25, 2021 (84-15)
Home State: California
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Chair of the Federal Reserve (2014-18)
        Member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (2010-18)
        President of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (2004-10)
        Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers (1997-99)
Lloyd Austin
Secretary of Defense

Lloyd J. Austin III

28th Secretary of Defense
January 22, 2021 to present

Confirmed: January 22, 2021 (93-2)
Home State: Georgia
Political Party: Independent
Past Experience: Commander of the US Central Command (2013-16)
Merrick Garland
Attorney General

Merrick B. Garland

86th Attorney General of the United States
March 11, 2021 to present

Confirmed: March 10, 2021 (70-30)
Home State: District of Columbia
Political Party: Independent
Past Experience: Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals (2013-20)
        Judge of the United States Court of Appeals (1997-21)
Deb Haaland
Secretary of the Interior

Debra A. Haaland

54th Secretary of the Interior
March 16, 2021 to present

Confirmed: March 15, 2021 (51-40)
Home State: New Mexico
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Member of the House of Representatives (2019-21)
Thomas J. Vilsack

30th and 32nd Secretary of Agriculture
February 24, 2021 to present
January 20, 2009 to January 13, 2017

Confirmed: February 23, 2021 (92-7)
        January 20, 2009 (Unanimous Consent)
Home State: Iowa
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Governor of Iowa (1999-2007)
        Member of the Iowa State Senate (1993-99)
        Mayor of Mount Pleasant, Iowa (1987-92)
Tom Vilsack
Secretary of Agriculture
Gina Raimondo
Secretary of Commerce

Gina M. Raimondo

40th Secretary of Commerce
March 3, 2021 to present

Confirmed: March 2, 2021 (84-15)
Home State: Rhode Island
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Governor of Rhode Island (2015-21)
        General Treasurer of Rhode Island (2011-15)
Julie Su
Acting Secretary of Labor

TBD

30th Secretary of Labor
TBD

Confirmed: TBD
Home State: TBD
Political Party: TBD
Past Experience: TBD
Xavier Becerra
Secretary of Health and Human Services

Xavier Becerra

25th Secretary of Health and Human Services
March 19, 2021 to present

Confirmed: March 18, 2021 (50-49)
Home State: California
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Attorney General of California (2017-21)
        Member of the House of Representatives (1993-2017)
        Member of the California State Assembly (1990-92)
Adrianne Todman
Acting Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

TBD

19th Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
TBD

Confirmed: TBD
Home State: TBD
Political Party: TBD
Past Experience: TBD
Pete Buttigieg
Secretary of Transportation

Peter P. M. Buttigieg

19th Secretary of Transportation
February 3, 2021 to present

Confirmed: February 2, 2021 (86-13)
Home State: Indiana
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Mayor of South Bend, Indiana (2012-20)
Jennifer M. Granholm

16th Secretary of Energy
February 25, 2021 to present

Confirmed: February 25, 2021 (64-35)
Home State: Michigan
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Governor of Michigan (2003-11)
        Attorney General of Michigan (1999-2003)
Jennifer Granholm
Secretary of Energy
Miguel Cardona
Secretary of Education

Miguel A. Cardona

12th Secretary of Education
March 2, 2021 to present

Confirmed: March 1, 2021 (64-33)
Home State: Connecticut
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Education Commissioner of Connecticut (2019-21)
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Denis McDonough
Secretary of Veterans Affairs

Denis R. McDonough

11th Secretary of Veterans Affairs
February 9, 2021 to present

Confirmed: February 8, 2021 (87-7)
Home State: Minnesota
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: White House Chief of Staff (2013-17)
        Deputy National Security Advisor (2010-13)
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Alejandro Mayorkas
Secretary of Homeland Security

Alejandro N. Mayorkas

7th Secretary of Homeland Security
February 2, 2021 to present

Confirmed: February 2, 2021 (56-43)
Home State: California
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security (2013-16)
        Director of Citizenship and Immigration Services (2009-13)
        United States Attorney (1998-2001)
 

California State Leadership

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Gavin Newsom
Governor of California

Gavin C. Newsom

40th Governor of the State of California
January 7, 2019 to present

Elected: November 8, 2022 (59.18%-40.18%)
        September 14, 2021 (Recall Election: No 61.88%, Yes 38.12%)
        November 6, 2018 (61.95%-38.05%)
Home County: San Francisco
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Lieutenant Governor of California (2011-19)
        Mayor of San Francisco (2004-11)
        Member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors (1997-2004)
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Eleni Kounalakis
Lieutenant Governor of California

Eleni T. Kounalakis

50th Lieutenant Governor of the State of California
January 7, 2019 to present

Elected: November 8, 2022 (59.70%-40.30%)
        November 6, 2018 (56.55%-43.45%)
Home County: San Francisco
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: United States Ambassador to Hungary (2010-13)
Patricia Guerrero
Chief Justice of California

Patricia Guerrero

29th Chief Justice of the State of California
January 2, 2023 to present

Confirmed: November 11, 2022 (70% Affirmative Vote)
Home County: San Diego
Appointed By: Gavin Newsom (D)
Past Experience: Associate Justice of the California Supreme Court (2022-23)
        Associate Justice of the California Court of Appeal (2017-22)
        San Diego County Superior Court Judge (2013-17)
Alex Padilla
United States Senator from California (Senior)

Alejandro Padilla

United States Senator from California
January 20, 2021 to present

Elected: November 8, 2022 (61.06%-38.94%)
        December 22, 2020 (Appointed; replacing Kamala Harris)
Home County: Los Angeles
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Secretary of State of California (2015-21)
        Member of the California State Senate (2006-14)
        Member of the Los Angeles City Council (1999-2006)
Laphonza Butler
United States Senator from California (Junior)

Laphonza R. Butler

United States Senator from California
October 3, 2023 to present

Elected: October 1, 2023 (Appointed; replacing Dianne Feinstein)
Home County: Los Angeles
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: President of EMILY's List (2021-23)
        Regent of the University of California (2018-21)
James V. Panetta

Member of the House of Representatives
January 3, 2017 to present

Elected: November 8, 2022 (68.65%-31.35%)
        November 4, 2020 (76.78%-23.22%)
        November 6, 2020 (81.37%-18.63%)
        November 6, 2020 (70.75%-29.25%)
Home County: Monterey
Political Party: Democratic
Past Experience: Deputy District Attorney for Monterey County
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Jimmy Panetta
Member of the House of Representatives (CA-19)

Leadership Timeline

YEAR FEDERAL OFFICES CALIFORNIA VOTING HABITS STATE OFFICIALS
PRESIDENT NO. SENATE HOUSE SUPREME COURT PRESIDENT SENATE HOUSE GOVERNOR SENATE ASSEMBLY
2028 120 R
O
B
E
R
T
S

John G. Roberts Jr. (MD)
17th Chief Justice of the United States
September 29, 2005 to present

Confirmed on September 29, 2005 (78-22)
Nominated by George W. Bush (R)

 K
A
V
A
N
A
U
G
H

Brett M. Kavanaugh (MD)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
October 6, 2018 to present

Confirmed on October 6, 2018 (50-48)
Nominated by Donald Trump (R)

 J
A
C
K
S
O
N

Ketanji O. Brown Jackson (DC)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
June 30, 2022 to present

Confirmed on April 7, 2022 (53-47)
Nominated by Joe Biden (D)

 S
O
T
O
M
A
Y
O
R

Sonia M. Sotomayor (NY)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
August 8, 2009 to present

Confirmed on August 6, 2009 (68-31)
Nominated by Barack Obama (D)

 K
A
G
A
N

Elena Kagan (MA)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
August 7, 2010 to present

Confirmed on August 5, 2010 (63-37)
Nominated by Barack Obama (D)

 T
H
O
M
A
S

Clarence Thomas (GA)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
October 23, 1991 to present

Confirmed on October 15, 1991 (52-48)
Nominated by George Bush (R)

 C
O
N
E
Y

B
A
R
R
E
T
T

Amy V. Coney Barrett (IN)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
October 27, 2020 to present

Confirmed on October 26, 2020 (52-48)
Nominated by Donald Trump (R)

 A
L
I
T
O

Samuel A. Alito Jr. (NJ)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
January 31, 2006 to present

Confirmed on January 31, 2006 (58-42)
Nominated by George W. Bush (R)

 G
O
R
S
U
C
H

Neil M. Gorsuch (CO)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
April 10, 2017 to present

Confirmed on April 10, 2017 (54-45)
Nominated by Donald Trump (R)

 Padilla (D)

Alejandro Padilla
United States Senator from California
January 20, 2021 to present

Elected on November 8, 2022 (61.06%-38.94%)
Appointed on December 22, 2020 (replacing Kamala Harris)
2027
2026 119 Gavin Newsom (D)
Eleni Kounalakis (D)
2025
2024 Joe Biden (D-DE)
Kamala Harris (D-CA)

Joseph R. Biden (D-DE)
46th President of the United States
January 20, 2021 to present

Elected on November 3, 2020 (306-232)

Vice President Kamala Harris (D-CA)

 118

118th United States Congress
January 3, 2023 to present

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Kamala Harris (D-CA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Mike Johnson (R-LA); from October 25, 2023
Kevin McCarthy (R-CA); until October 3, 2023		 Chuck Schumer (D-NY)
Patty Murray (D-WA); 2023-
Patrick Leahy (D-VT); 2021-23

Charles E. Schumer (D-NY)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 20, 2021 to present

Democratic Floor Leader since January 3, 2017
United States Senator since January 3, 1999

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
      
Patricia L. Murray (D-WA); from January 3, 2023
Patrick J. Leahy (D-VT); to January 3, 2023

 D 51
R 49

118th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2023 to January 3, 2025
Democratic Majority

President: Kamala Harris (D-CA)
President Pro Tempore: Patty Murray (D-WA)
Majority Leader: Chuck Schumer (D-NY)
Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)

Democratic: 47
Independent: 4 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)
Republican: 49

 Mike Johnson (R-LA)

J. Michael Johnson (R-LA)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
October 25, 2023 to present

House Republican Leader since October 25, 2023
Member of the House of Representatives since January 3, 2017

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

Oct. 2023, 4th Ballot (W): Johnson 220, Jeffries 209

 R 222
D 213

118th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2023 to January 3, 2025
Republican Majority

Speaker: Mike Johnson (R-LA) from October 25, 2023
      Kevin McCarthy (R-CA) until October 3, 2023
Majority Leader: Steve Scalise (R-LA)
Minority Leader: Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY)

Republican: 222
Democratic: 213

 Butler (D)

Laphonza R. Butler
United States Senator from California
October 3, 2023 to present

Appointed on October 1, 2023 (replacing Dianne Feinstein)

 D 40
R 12

118th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2023 to January 3, 2025
California Delegation (52 Seats)

Democratic: 40
Republican: 12
California State Senate
2023-24 Session
December 7, 2022 to present
Democratic Majority

President: Eleni Kounalakis (D)
President Pro Tempore: Mike McGuire (D, Geyserville) from Feb. 5, 2024
      Toni Atkins (D, San Diego) until Feb. 5, 2024
Majority Leader: Lena Gonzalez (D, Long Beach) from Feb. 8, 2024
      Mike McGuire (D, Geyserville) until Feb. 5, 2024
Minority Leader: Brian Jones (R, Santee)

Democratic: 32
Republican: 8
California State Assembly
2023-24 Session
December 7, 2022 to present
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Robert A. Rivas (D, Hollister) from Jun. 30, 2023
      Anthony Rendon (D, Lakewood) until Jun. 30, 2023
Speaker Pro Tempore: Jim Wood (D, Healsburg) from Nov. 22, 2023
      Cecilia Aguiar-Curry (D, Winters) Jul. 3, 2023 to Nov. 22, 2023
      Chris Ward (D, San Diego) until Jul. 3, 2023
Majority Leader: Cecilia Aguiar-Curry (D, Winters) from Nov. 22, 2023
      Isaac Bryan (D, Jefferson Park) Jul. 3, 2023 to Nov. 22, 2023
      Eloise Reyes (D, Colton) until Jul. 3, 2023
Minority Leader: James Gallagher (R, Yuba City)

Democratic: 62
Republican: 18

 D 32
R 8		 D 62
R 18
2023 Kevin McCarthy (R-CA)

Kevin O. McCarthy (R-LA)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
January 7, 2023 to October 3, 2023

House Republican Leader from Jan. 3, 2019 to Oct. 3, 2023
Member of the House of Representatives from Jan. 3, 2007 to Dec. 31, 2023

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

Jan. 2023, 15th Ballot (W): McCarthy 216, Jeffries 212
Jan. 2023, 14th Ballot (L): McCarthy 216, Jeffries 212, All Others 4
Jan. 2023, 13th Ballot (L): McCarthy 214, Jeffries 212, All Others 6
Jan. 2023, 12th Ballot (L): McCarthy 213, Jeffries 211, All Others 7
Jan. 2023, 11th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 200, All Others 20
Jan. 2023, 10th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 200, All Others 20
Jan. 2023, 9th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 200, All Others 20
Jan. 2023, 8th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 201, All Others 20, Present 1
Jan. 2023, 7th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 201, All Others 20, Present 1
Jan. 2023, 6th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 201, Donalds 20, Present 1
Jan. 2023, 5th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 201, Donalds 20, Present 1
Jan. 2023, 4th Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 201, Donalds 20, Present 1
Jan. 2023, 3rd Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 202, Jordan 20
Jan. 2023, 2nd Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 203, Jordan 19
Jan. 2023, 1st Ballot (L): Jeffries 212, McCarthy 203, All Others 19
2021 (L): Pelosi 216, McCarthy 209, All Others 2
2019 (L): Pelosi 220, McCarthy 192, All Others 18

 Biden/Harris - 63%
Trump/Pence - 34%
Other - 3%

2020 Presidential Election
November 3, 2020

      

Democratic: Joe Biden and Kamala Harris
Republican: Donald Trump and Mike Pence

ELECTION RESULTS IN CALIFORNIA:

Biden/Harris: 55 Electoral Votes • 11,110,250 (63.48%)
Trump/Pence: 0 Electoral Votes • 6,006,429 (34.32%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 384,202 (2.2%)

ELECTION RESULTS NATIONALLY:

Biden/Harris: 306 Electoral Votes • 81,283,501 (51.31%)
Trump/Pence: 232 Electoral Votes • 74,223,975 (46.85%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 2,922,155 (1.84%)

       		Feinstein (D)

Dianne E. Feinstein
United States Senator from California
November 4, 1992 to September 29, 2023

Re-Elected on November 6, 2018 (54.16%-45.84%)
Re-Elected on November 6, 2012 (62.52%-37.48%)
Re-Elected on November 7, 2006 (59.43%-35.02%)
Re-Elected on November 7, 2000 (55.84%-36.59%)
Re-Elected on November 8, 1994 (46.74%-44.83%)
Elected on November 3, 1992 (54.29%-37.96%)
2022 118

117th United States Congress
January 3, 2021 to January 3, 2023

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party; from January 20, 2021
    Republican Party; to January 20, 2021
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Kamala Harris (D-CA); from January 20, 2021
Mike Pence (R-IN); to January 20, 2021

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)		 D 50
R 50

118th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2021 to January 3, 2023
Democratic Majority from January 20, 2021
Republican Majority until January 20, 2021

President: Kamala Harris (D-CA) from January 20, 2021
      Mike Pence (R-IN) until January 20, 2021
President Pro Tempore: Patrick Leahy (D-VT) from January 20, 2021
      Chuck Grassley (R-IA) until January 20, 2021
Majority Leader: Chuck Schumer (D-NY) from January 20, 2021
      Mitch McConnell (R-KY) until January 20, 2021
Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY) from January 20, 2021
      Chuck Schumer (D-NY) until January 20, 2021

Democratic: 48
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)
Republican: 50

 Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Nancy P. Pelosi (D-CA)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2019 to January 3, 2023
January 4, 2007 to January 3, 2011

House Republican Leader from Jan. 3, 2003 to Jan. 3, 2023
Member of the House of Representatives since June 2, 1987

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

2021 (W): Pelosi 216, McCarthy 209, All Others 2
2019 (W): Pelosi 220, McCarthy 192, All Others 18
2017 (L): Ryan 239, Pelosi 189, All Others 5
Oct. 2015 (L): Ryan 236, Pelosi 184, All Others 12
Jan. 2015 (L): Boehner 216, Pelosi 164, All Others 28
2013 (L): Boehner 220, Pelosi 192, All Others 14
2011 (L): Boehner 241, Pelosi 173, All Others 18
2009 (W): Pelosi 255, Boehner 174
2007 (W): Pelosi 220, Boehner 202
2005 (L): Hastert 226, Pelosi 199, All Others 2
2003 (L): Hastert 228, Pelosi 201, All Others 5

 D 222
R 213

117th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2021 to January 3, 2023
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)
Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer (D-MD)
Minority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R-CA)

Democratic: 222
Republican: 213

 B
R
E
Y
E
R

Stephen G. Breyer (MD)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
August 3, 1994 to June 30, 2022

Confirmed on July 29, 1994 (87-9)
Nominated by Bill Clinton (D)
Gavin C. Newsom (D)
40th Governor of the State of California
January 7, 2019 to present

Re-Elected on November 8, 2022 (59.18%-40.82%)
Defeated Recall Election on September 14, 2021 (61.88%-38.12%)
Elected on November 6, 2018 (61.95%-38.05%)

Lieutenant Governor: Eleni Kounalakis (D)

 D 42
R 11

117th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2021 to January 3, 2022
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 42
Republican: 11
California State Senate
2021-22 Session
December 7, 2020 to November 30, 2022
Democratic Majority

President: Eleni Kounalakis (D)
President Pro Tempore: Toni Atkins (D, San Diego)
Majority Leader: Mike McGuire (D, Geyserville) from Jan. 19, 2022
      Robert Hertzberg (D, Van Nuys) until Jan. 19, 2022
Minority Leader: Scott Wilk (R, Santa Clarita) from Jan. 20, 2021
      Shannon Grove (R, Bakersfield) until Jan. 20, 2021

Democratic: 31
Republican: 9
California State Assembly
2023-24 Session
December 7, 2020 to November 30, 2022
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Anthony Rendon (D, Lakewood)
Speaker Pro Tempore: Kevin Mullin (D, South San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Eloise Reyes (D, Colton)
Minority Leader: James Gallagher (R, Yuba City) from Feb. 8, 2022
      Marie Waldron (R, Escondido) until Feb. 8, 2022

Democratic: 60
Republican: 19
Independent: 1

 D 31
R 9		 D 60
R 19
I 1
2021
2020 Donald Trump (R-NY)
Mike Pence (R-IN)

Donald J. Trump (R-NY)
45th President of the United States
January 20, 2017 to January 20, 2021

Lost Re-Election on November 3, 2020 (232-306)
Elected on November 8, 2016 (304-227)

Vice President Michael R. Pence (R-IN)

 116

116th United States Congress
January 3, 2019 to January 3, 2021

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Mike Pence (R-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)		 Mitch McConnell (R-KY)
Chuck Grassley (D-IA); 2019-21
Orrin Hatch (R-UT); 2015-19

A. Mitchell McConnell Jr. (R-KY)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 2015 to January 20, 2021

Republican Floor Leader since January 3, 2007
United States Senator since January 3, 1985

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
      
Charles E. Grassley (R-IA); from January 3, 2019
Orrin G. Hatch (R-UT); to January 3, 2019

 R 53
D 47

116th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2019 to January 3, 2021
Republican Majority

President: Mike Pence (R-IN)
President Pro Tempore: Chuck Grassley (R-IA)
Majority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)
Minority Leader: Chuck Schumer (D-NY)

Republican: 53
Democratic: 45
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)

 D 235
R 200

118th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2019 to January 3, 2021
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)
Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer (D-MD)
Minority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R-CA)

Democratic: 235
Republican: 200

 G
I
N
S
B
U
R
G

J. Ruth Bader Ginsburg (NY)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
August 10, 1993 to September 18, 2020

Confirmed on August 3, 1993 (96-3)
Nominated by Bill Clinton (D)

 Harris (D)

Kamala D. Harris
United States Senator from California
January 3, 2017 to January 18, 2021

Elected on November 8, 2016 (61.60%-38.40%)

 D 46
R 7

116th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2019 to January 3, 2021
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 46
Republican: 7
California State Senate
2019-20 Session
December 3, 2018 to November 30, 2020
Democratic Majority

President: Eleni Kounalakis (D) from Jan. 7, 2019
      Gavin Newsom (D) until Jan. 7, 2019
President Pro Tempore: Toni Atkins (D, San Diego)
Majority Leader: Robert Hertzberg (D, Van Nuys) from Jan. 7, 2019
      Bill Monning (D, Carmel-by-the-Sea) until Jan. 7, 2019
Minority Leader: Shannon Grove (R, Bakersfield) from Mar. 1, 2019
      Patricia Bates (R, Laguna Niguel) until Mar. 1, 2019

Democratic: 29
Republican: 11
California State Assembly
2019-20 Session
December 3, 2018 to November 30, 2020
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Anthony Rendon (D, Lakewood)
Speaker Pro Tempore: Kevin Mullin (D, South San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Ian Calderon (D, Whittier)
Minority Leader: Marie Waldron (R, Escondido)

Democratic: 60
Republican: 20

 D 29
R 11		 D 60
R 20
2019 Clinton/Kaine - 62%
Trump/Pence - 32%
Other - 6%

2016 Presidential Election
November 8, 2016

      

Democratic: Hillary Clinton and Tim Kaine
Republican: Donald Trump and Mike Pence

ELECTION RESULTS IN CALIFORNIA:

Clinton/Kaine: 55 Electoral Votes • 8,753,788 (61.73%)
Trump/Pence: 0 Electoral Votes • 4,483,810 (31.62%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 943,997 (6.65%)

ELECTION RESULTS NATIONALLY:

Trump/Pence: 304 Electoral Votes • 62,984,828 (46.09%)
Clinton/Kaine: 227 Electoral Votes • 65,853,514 (48.18%)
Other: 7 Electoral Votes • 7,830,934 (5.73%)

      
2018 115

115th United States Congress
January 3, 2017 to January 3, 2019

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Mike Pence (R-IN); from January 20, 2017
Joe Biden (D-DE); to January 20, 2017

R 52
D 48

115th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2017 to January 3, 2019
Republican Majority

President: Mike Pence (R-IN) from January 20, 2017
      Joe Biden (D-DE) until January 20, 2017
President Pro Tempore: Orrin Hatch (R-UT)
Majority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)
Minority Leader: Chuck Schumer (D-NY)

Republican: 52
Democratic: 46
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)

 Paul Ryan (R-WI)

Paul D. Ryan (R-WI)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
October 29, 2015 to January 3, 2019

House Republican Leader from Oct. 29, 2015 to Jan. 3, 2019
Member of the House of Representatives from Jan. 3, 1999 to Jan. 3, 2019

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

2017 (W): Ryan 239, Pelosi 189, All Others 5
Oct. 2015 (W): Ryan 236, Pelosi 184, All Others 12

 R 241
D 194

115th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2017 to January 3, 2019
Republican Majority

Speaker: Paul Ryan (R-WI)
Majority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R-CA)
Minority Leader: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Republican: 241
Democratic: 194

 K
E
N
N
E
D
Y

Anthony M. Kennedy (CA)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
February 18, 1988 to July 31, 2018

Confirmed on February 3, 1988 (97-0)
Nominated by Ronald Reagan (R)

 D 39
R 14

115th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2017 to January 3, 2019
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 39
Republican: 14
California State Senate
2017-18 Session
December 5, 2016 to November 30, 2018
Democratic Majority

President: Gavin Newsom (D)
President Pro Tempore: Toni Atkins (D, San Diego) from Mar. 21, 2018
      Kevin de León (D, Los Angeles) until Mar. 21, 2018
Majority Leader: Bill Monning (D, Carmel-by-the-Sea)
Minority Leader: Patricia Bates (R, Laguna Niguel) from Apr. 12, 2017
      Jean Fuller (R, Bakersfield) until Apr. 12, 2017

Democratic: 27
Republican: 13
California State Assembly
2017-18 Session
December 5, 2016 to November 30, 2018
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Anthony Rendon (D, Lakewood)
Speaker Pro Tempore: Kevin Mullin (D, South San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Ian Calderon (D, Whittier)
Minority Leader: Marie Waldron (R, Escondido) from Nov. 8, 2018
      Brian Dahle (R, Bieber) Sept. 18, 2017 to Nov. 8, 2018
from Apr. 12, 2017
      Chad Mayes (R, Yucca Valley) until Sept. 18, 2017


Democratic: 55
Republican: 25

 Jerry Brown (D)
Gavin Newsom (D)		 D 27
R 13		 D 55
R 25
2017
2016 Barack Obama (D-IL)
Joe Biden (D-DE)

Barack H. Obama (D-IL)
44th President of the United States
January 20, 2009 to January 20, 2017

Re-Elected on November 6, 2012 (332-206)
Elected on November 4, 2008 (365-173)

Vice President Joseph R. Biden (D-DE)

 114

114th United States Congress
January 3, 2015 to January 3, 2017

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Joe Biden (D-DE)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Paul Ryan (R-WI); from October 29, 2015
John Boehner (R-OH); to October 29, 2015		 R 54
D 46

114th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2015 to January 3, 2017
Republican Majority

President: Joe Biden (D-DE)
President Pro Tempore: Orrin Hatch (R-UT)
Majority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)
Minority Leader: Harry Reid (D-NV)

Democratic: 54
Democratic: 44
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)

 R 247
D 188

114th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2015 to January 3, 2017
Republican Majority

Speaker: Paul Ryan (R-WI) from October 29, 2015
      John Boehner (R-OH) until October 29, 2015
Majority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R-CA)
Minority Leader: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Republican: 247
Democratic: 188

 S
C
A
L
I
A

Antonin G. Scalia (TX)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
September 26, 1986 to February 13, 2016

Confirmed on September 17, 1986 (98-0)
Nominated by Ronald Reagan (R)

 Boxer (D)

Barbara S. Boxer
United States Senator from California
January 3, 1993 to January 3, 2017

Re-Elected on November 2, 2010 (52.18%-42.17%)
Re-Elected on November 2, 2004 (57.71%-37.80%)
Re-Elected on November 3, 1998 (53.06%-43.01%)
Elected on November 3, 1992 (47.90%-43.00%)

 D 38
R 15

114th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2015 to January 3, 2017
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 38
Republican: 15
California State Senate
2015-16 Session
December 1, 2014 to November 30, 2016
Democratic Majority

President: Gavin Newsom (D)
President Pro Tempore: Kevin de León (D, Los Angeles)
Majority Leader: Bill Monning (D, Carmel-by-the-Sea) from Dec. 17, 2014
      Vacant until Dec. 17, 2014
Minority Leader: Jean Fuller (R, Bakersfield) from Aug. 27, 2015
      Bob Huff (R, San Dimas) until Aug. 27, 2015

Democratic: 26
Republican: 14
California State Assembly
2015-16 Session
December 1, 2014 to November 30, 2016
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Anthony Rendon (D, Lakewood) from Mar. 7, 2016
      Toni Atkins (D, San Diego) until Mar. 7, 2016
Speaker Pro Tempore: Kevin Mullin (D, South San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Ian Calderon (D, Whittier) from Mar. 10, 2016
      Chris Holden (D, Pasadena) until Mar. 10, 2016
Minority Leader: Chad Mayes (R, Yucca Valley) from Jan. 4, 2016
      Kristin Olsen (R, Riverbank) until Jan. 4, 2016

Democratic: 52
Republican: 28

 D 26
R 14		 D 52
R 28
2015 John Boehner (R-OH)

John A. Boehner (R-OH)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
January 5, 2011 to October 29, 2015

House Republican Leader from Jan. 3, 2007 to Oct. 29, 2015
Member of the House of Representatives from Jan. 3, 1991 – Oct. 31, 2015

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

Jan. 2015 (W): Boehner 216, Pelosi 164, All Others 28
2013 (W): Boehner 241, Pelosi 173, All Others 18
2011 (W): Boehner 220, Pelosi 192, All Others 14
2009 (L): Pelosi 255, Boehner 174
2007 (L): Pelosi 220, Boehner 202

 Obama/Biden - 60%
Romney/Ryan - 37%
Other - 3%

2012 Presidential Election
November 6, 2012

      

Democratic: Barack Obama and Joe Biden
Republican: Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan

ELECTION RESULTS IN CALIFORNIA:

Obama/Biden: 55 Electoral Votes • 7,854,285 (60.24%)
Romney/Ryan: 0 Electoral Votes • 4,839,958 (37.12%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 507,915 (2.64%)

ELECTION RESULTS NATIONALLY:

Obama/Biden: 332 Electoral Votes • 65,915,795 (51.06%)
Romney/Ryan: 206 Electoral Votes • 60,933,504 (47.20%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 2,236,111 (1.74%)

      
2014 113

113th United States Congress
January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2015

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Joe Biden (D-DE)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John Boehner (R-OH)		 Harry Reid (D-NV)
Patrick Leahy (D-VT); 2012-15
Daniel Inouye (D-HI); 2010-12
Robert Byrd (D-WV); 2007-10

Harry M. Reid Jr. (D-NV)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 2007 to January 3, 2015

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 2005 to Jan. 3, 2017
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1987 to Jan. 3, 2017

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
             
Patrick J. Leahy (D-VT); from December 17, 2012
Daniel K. Inouye (D-HI); June 28, 2010 to December 17, 2012
Robert C. Byrd (D-WV); until June 28, 2010

 D 55
R 45

113th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2015
Democratic Majority

President: Joe Biden (D-DE)
President Pro Tempore: Patrick Leahy (D-VT)
Majority Leader: Harry Reid (D-NV) Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)

Democratic: 53
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)
Republican: 45

 D 234
R 201

113th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2015
Republican Majority

Speaker: John Boehner (R-OH)
Majority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R-CA) from August 1, 2014
      Eric Cantor (R-VA) until August 1, 2014
Minority Leader: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Democratic: 234
Republican: 201
Edmund G. "Jerry" Brown Jr. (D)
39th Governor of the State of California
34th Governor of the State of California
January 3, 2011 to January 7, 2019
January 6, 1975 to January 3, 1983

Re-Elected on November 4, 2014 (59.97%-40.03%)
Elected on November 2, 2010 (53.77%-40.88%)
Re-Elected on November 7, 1978 (56.05%-36.50%)
Elected on November 5, 1974 (50.11%-47.25%)

Lieutenant Governor: Gavin Newsom (D) from January 10, 2011
      Vacant January 3, 2011 to January 10, 2011
      Michael Curb January 8, 1979 to January 3, 1983
      Mervyn M. Dymally until January 8, 1979

 D 34
R 19

113th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2015
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 34
Republican: 19
California State Senate
2013-14 Session
December 3, 2012 to November 30, 2014
Democratic Majority

President: Gavin Newsom (D)
President Pro Tempore: Kevin de León (D, Los Angeles) from Oct. 15, 2014
      Darrell Steinberg (D, Sacramento) until Oct. 15, 2014
Majority Leader: Ellen Corbett (D, Hayward)
Minority Leader: Bob Huff (R, Diamond Bar)

Democratic: 29
Republican: 11
California State Assembly
2013-14 Session
December 3, 2012 to November 30, 2014
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Toni Atkins (D, San Diego) from May 12, 2014
      John Pérez (D, Los Angeles) until May 12, 2014
Speaker Pro Tempore: Nora Campos (D, San José)
Majority Leader: V. Manuel Perez (D, Coachella) from May 12, 2014
      Toni Atkins (D, San Diego) until May 12, 2014
Minority Leader: Kristin Olsen (R, Modesto) from Nov. 6, 2014
      Connie Conway (R, Tulare) until Nov. 6, 2014

Democratic: 55
Republican: 25

 D 29
R 11		 D 55
R 25
2013
2012 112

112th United States Congress
January 3, 2011 to January 3, 2013

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Joe Biden (D-DE)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John Boehner (R-OH)		 D 53
R 47

112th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2011 to January 3, 2013
Democratic Majority

President: Joe Biden (D-DE)
President Pro Tempore: Patrick Leahy (D-VT) from December 17, 2012
      Daniel Inouye (D-HI) until December 17, 2012
Majority Leader: Harry Reid (D-NV)
Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)

Democratic: 51
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)
Republican: 47

 R 242
D 193

112th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2011 to January 3, 2013
Republican Majority

Speaker: John Boehner (R-OH)
Majority Leader: Eric Cantor (R-VA)
Minority Leader: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Republican: 242
Democratic: 193

 D 34
R 19

112th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2011 to January 3, 2013
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 34
Republican: 19
California State Senate
2011-12 Session
December 6, 2010 to November 30, 2012
Democratic Majority

President: Gavin Newsom (D) from Jan. 10, 2011
      Vacant Jan. 3, 2011 to Jan. 10, 2011
      Abel Maldenado (R) until Jan. 3, 2011
President Pro Tempore: Darrell Steinberg (D, Sacramento)
Majority Leader: Ellen Corbett (D, San Leandro)
Minority Leader: Bob Huff (R, Diamond Bar) from Jan. 5, 2012
      Robert Dutton (R, Rancho Cucamonga) until Jan. 5, 2012

Democratic: 25
Republican: 15
California State Assembly
2011-12 Session
December 6, 2010 to November 30, 2012
Democratic Majority

Speaker: John Pérez (D, Los Angeles)
Speaker Pro Tempore:Nora Campos (D, San José) from Aug. 10, 2012
      Fiona Ma (D, San Francisco) until Aug. 10, 2012
Majority Leader: Toni Atkins (D, San Diego) from Sept. 1, 2012
      Charles Calderon (D, Whittier) until Sept. 1, 2012
Minority Leader: Connie Conway (R, Tulare)

Democratic: 52
Republican: 28

 D 25
R 15		 D 52
R 28
2011 Obama/Biden - 61%
McCain/Palin - 36%
Other - 3%

2020 Presidential Election
November 3, 2020

      

Democratic: Barack Obama and Joe Biden
Republican: John McCain and Sarah Palin

ELECTION RESULTS IN CALIFORNIA:

Obama/Biden: 55 Electoral Votes • 8,274,473 (61.01%)
McCain/Palin: 0 Electoral Votes • 5,011,781 (36.95%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 275,646 (2.04%)

ELECTION RESULTS NATIONALLY:

Obama/Biden: 365 Electoral Votes • 69,498,516 (52.93%)
McCain/Palin: 173 Electoral Votes • 59,948,323 (45.65%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 1,866,981 (1.42%)

      
2010 111

111th United States Congress
January 3, 2009 to January 3, 2011

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Joe Biden (D-DE); from January 20, 2009
Dick Cheney (R-WY); to January 20, 2009

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)		 D 60
R 40

111th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2009 to January 3, 2011
Democratic Majority

President: Joe Biden (D-DE) from January 20, 2009
      Dick Cheney (R-WY) until January 20, 2009
President Pro Tempore: Daniel Inouye (D-HI) from June 28, 2010
      Robert Byrd (D-WV) until June 28, 2010
Majority Leader: Harry Reid (D-NV)
Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)

Democratic: 58
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)
Republican: 40

 Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Nancy P. Pelosi (D-CA)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2019 to January 3, 2023
January 4, 2007 to January 3, 2011

House Republican Leader from Jan. 3, 2003 to Jan. 3, 2023
Member of the House of Representatives since June 2, 1987

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

2021 (W): Pelosi 216, McCarthy 209, All Others 2
2019 (W): Pelosi 220, McCarthy 192, All Others 18
2017 (L): Ryan 239, Pelosi 189, All Others 5
Oct. 2015 (L): Ryan 236, Pelosi 184, All Others 12
Jan. 2015 (L): Boehner 216, Pelosi 164, All Others 28
2013 (L): Boehner 220, Pelosi 192, All Others 14
2011 (L): Boehner 241, Pelosi 173, All Others 18
2009 (W): Pelosi 255, Boehner 174
2007 (W): Pelosi 220, Boehner 202
2005 (L): Hastert 226, Pelosi 199, All Others 2
2003 (L): Hastert 228, Pelosi 201, All Others 5

 D 258
R 177

111th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2009 to January 3, 2011
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)
Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer (D-MD)
Minority Leader: John Boehner (R-OH)

Democratic: 258
Republican: 177

 S
T
E
V
E
N
S

John Paul Stevens (IL)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
December 19, 1975 to June 29, 2010

Confirmed on December 17, 1975 (98-0)
Nominated by Gerald Ford (R)

 D 34
R 19

111th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2009 to January 3, 2011
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 34
Republican: 19
California State Senate
2009-10 Session
December 1, 2008 to November 30, 2010
Democratic Majority

President: Abel Maldonado (R) from Apr. 27, 2010
      Vacant Nov. 5, 2009 to Apr. 27, 2010
      John Garamendi (D) until Nov. 5, 2009
President Pro Tempore: Darrell Steinberg (D, Sacramento)
Majority Leader: Dean Florez (D, Shafter)
Minority Leader: Robert Dutton (R, Rancho Cucamonga) from Oct. 11, 2010
      Dennis Hollingsworth (R, Murrieta) Feb. 18, 2009 to Oct. 11, 2010
      Dave Cogdill (R, Modesto) until Feb. 18, 2009

Democratic: 25
Republican: 15
California State Assembly
2009-10 Session
December 1, 2008 to November 30, 2010
Democratic Majority

Speaker: John Pérez (D, Los Angeles) from Mar. 1, 2010
      Karen Bass (D, Los Angeles) until Mar. 1, 2010
Speaker Pro Tempore:Fiona Ma (D, San Francisco) from Mar. 18, 2010
      Lori Saldaña (D, San Diego) until Mar. 18, 2010
Majority Leader: Charles Calderon (D, Whittier) from Mar. 18, 2010
      Alberto Torrico (D, Newark) until Mar. 18, 2010
Minority Leader: Martin Garrick (R, Carlsbad) from Feb. 1, 2010
      Sam Blakeslee (R, San Luis Obispo) Jun. 1, 2009 to Feb. 1, 2010
      Michael Villines (R, Clovis) until Jun. 1, 2009

Democratic: 50
Republican: 29
Independent: 1

 Arnold Schwarzenegger (R)
Abel Maldonado (R); 2010-11
Mona Pasquil (D); 2009-10
John Garamendi (D); 2007-09
Cruz Bustamante (D); 2003-07		 D 25
R 15		 D 50
R 29
I 1
2009 S
O
U
T
E
R

David H. Souter (NH)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
October 9, 1990 to June 29, 2009

Confirmed on October 2, 1990 (90-9)
Nominated by George Bush (R)

2008 George W. Bush (R-TX)
Dick Cheney (R-WY)

George W. Bush (R-TX)
43rd President of the United States
January 20, 2001 to January 20, 2009

Re-Elected on November 2, 2004 (286-251)
Elected on November 7, 2000 (271-266)

Vice President Richard B. Cheney (R-WY)

 110

110th United States Congress
January 3, 2007 to January 3, 2009

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Dick Cheney (R-WY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)		 D 51
R 49

110th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2007 to January 3, 2009
Democratic Majority

President: Dick Cheney (R-WY)
President Pro Tempore: Robert Byrd (D-WV)
Majority Leader: Harry Reid (D-NV)
Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell (R-KY)

Democratic: 49
Independent: 2 (All Independents Caucus with Democrats)
Republican: 49

 D 233
R 202

110th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2007 to January 3, 2009
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)
Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer (D-MD)
Minority Leader: John Boehner (R-OH)

Republican: 233
Democratic: 202

 D 34
R 19

110th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2007 to January 3, 2009
California Delegation (52 Seats)

Democratic: 34
Republican: 19
California State Senate
2007-08 Session
December 4, 2006 to August 30, 2008
Democratic Majority

President: John Garamendi (D)
President Pro Tempore: Don Perata (D, Oakland)
Majority Leader: Gloria Romero (D, East Los Angeles)
Minority Leader: Dave Cogdill (R, Modesto) from Apr. 15, 2008
      Dick Ackerman (R, Irvine) until Apr. 15, 2008

Democratic: 25
Republican: 15
California State Assembly
2007-08 Session
December 4, 2006 to August 30, 2008
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Karen Bass (D, Los Angeles) from May 13, 2008
      Fabian Núñez (D, Los Angeles) until May 13, 2008
Speaker Pro Tempore: Sally J. Lieber (D, Mountain View)
Majority Leader: Alberto Torrico (D, Newark) from May 13, 2008
      Karen Bass (D, Los Angeles) until May 13, 2008
Minority Leader: Michael Villines (R, Clovis)

Democratic: 48
Republican: 32

 D 25
R 25		 D 48
R 32
2007 Kerry/Edwards - 54%
Bush/Cheney - 44%
Other - 2%

2004 Presidential Election
November 2, 2004

      

Democratic: John Kerry and John Edwards
Republican: George W. Bush and Dick Cheney

ELECTION RESULTS IN CALIFORNIA:

Kerry/Edwards: 55 Electoral Votes • 6,745,485 (54.31%)
Bush/Cheney: 0 Electoral Votes • 5,509,826 (44.36%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 166,042 (1.33%)

ELECTION RESULTS NATIONALLY:

Bush/Cheney: 286 Electoral Votes • 62,040,610 (50.73%)
Kerry/Edwards: 251 Electoral Votes • 59,028,444 (48.27%)
Other: 1 Electoral Vote • 1,226,291 (1.00%)

      
2006 109

109th United States Congress
January 3, 2005 to January 3, 2007

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Dick Cheney (R-WY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Dennis Hastert (R-IL)		 Bill Frist (R-TN)
Ted Stevens (R-AK)

William H. Frist (R-TN)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2007

Republican Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 2003 to Jan. 3, 2007
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1995 to Jan. 3, 2007

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

Theodore F. Stevens Sr. (R-AK)

 R 55
D 45

109th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2005 to January 3, 2007
Republican Majority

President: Dick Cheney (R-WY)
President Pro Tempore: Ted Stevens (R-AK)
Majority Leader: Bill Frist (R-TN)
Minority Leader: Harry Reid (D-NV)

Republican: 55
Democratic: 44
Independent: 1 (Independent Caucuses with Democrats)

 Dennis Hastert (R-IL)

J. Dennis Hastert (R-IL)
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
January 6, 1999 to January 3, 2007

House Republican Leader from Jan. 6, 1999 to Jan. 3, 2007
Member of the House of Representatives from Jan. 3, 1987 to Nov. 26, 2007

SPEAKER ELECTIONS:

2005 (W): Hastert 226, Pelosi 199, All Others 2
2003 (W): Hastert 228, Pelosi 201, All Others 5
2001 (W): Hastert 222, Gephardt 206, All Others 3
1999 (W): Hastert 222, Gephardt 205

 R 232
D 203

109th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2005 to January 3, 2007
Republican Majority

Speaker: Dennis Hastert (R-CA)
Majority Leader: John Boehner (R-OH) from February 2, 2006
      Roy Blunt (R-MO) September 28, 2005 to February 2, 2006
      Tom DeLay (R-TX) until September 28, 2005
Minority Leader: Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY)

Republican: 232
Democratic: 203

 D 33

Arnold A. Schwarzenegger (R)
38th Governor of the State of California
November 17, 2003 to January 3, 2011

Re-Elected on November 7, 2006 (55.88%-38.91%)
Elected on October 7, 2003 (44.68%-28.95%)
Recall of Gov. Davis succeeded on October 7, 2003 (55.39%-44.61%)

Lieutenant Governor: Abel Maldenado (R) from April 27, 2010
      Mona Pasquil (D) Acting from November 4, 2009 to April 27, 2010
      John Garamendi (D) January 8, 2007 to November 3, 2009
      Cruz Bustamante (D) until January 8, 2007

 R 20

109th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2005 to January 3, 2007
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 33
Republican: 20
California State Senate
2005-06 Session
December 6, 2004 to November 30, 2006
Democratic Majority

President: Cruz Bustamante (D)
President Pro Tempore: Don Perata (D, Oakland)
Majority Leader: Gloria Romero (D, East Los Angeles)
Minority Leader: Dick Ackerman (R, Irvine)

Democratic: 25
Republican: 15
California State Assembly
2005-06 Session
December 6, 2004 to November 30, 2006
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Fabian Núñez (D, Los Angeles)
Speaker Pro Tempore: Leland Yee (D, San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Dario Frommer (D, Long Beach)
Minority Leader: Michael Villines (R, Clovis) from Nov. 10, 2006
      George Plescia (R, San Diego) Apr. 17, 2006 to Nov. 10, 2006
      Kevin McCarthy (R, Bakersfield) until Apr. 17, 2006

Democratic: 48
Republican: 32

 D 25
R 15		 D 48
R 32
2005 R
E
H
N
Q
U
I
S
T

William H. Rehnquist (VA)
16th Chief Justice of the United States
September 26, 1986 to September 3, 2005

Confirmed on September 17, 1986 (65-33)
Nominated by Ronald Reagan (R)

Previously served as Associate Justice from 1972 to 1986

 O
C
O
N
N
O
R

Sandra Day O'Connor (AZ)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
September 25, 1981 to January 31, 2006

Confirmed on September 21, 1981 (99-0)
Nominated by Ronald Reagan (R)

2004 108

108th United States Congress
January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2005

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Dick Cheney (R-WY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Dennis Hastert (R-IL)		 R 51
D 49

108th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2005
Republican Majority

President: Dick Cheney (R-WY)
President Pro Tempore: Ted Stevens (R-AK)
Majority Leader: Bill Frist (R-TN)
Minority Leader: Tom Daschle (D-SD)

Republican: 51
Democratic: 48
Independent: 1 (Independent Caucuses with Democrats)

 R 229
D 206

108th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2005
Republican Majority

Speaker: Dennis Hastert (R-CA)
Majority Leader: Tom DeLay (R-TX)
Minority Leader: Nancy Pelosi (D-CA)

Republican: 229
Democratic: 206

 D 33
R 20

108th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2005
California Delegation (53 Seats)

Democratic: 33
Republican: 20
California State Senate
2003-04 Session
December 2, 2002 to November 30, 2004
Democratic Majority

President: Cruz Bustamante (D)
President Pro Tempore: John L. Burton (D, San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Don Perata (D, Oakland)
Minority Leader: Dick Ackerman (R, Irvine) from May 20, 2004
      Jim Brulte (R, Ontario) until May 20, 2004

Democratic: 25
Republican: 15
California State Assembly
2003-04 Session
December 2, 2002 to November 30, 2004
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Fabian Núñez (D, Los Angeles) from Feb. 9, 2004
      Herb Wesson (D, Los Angeles) until Feb. 9, 2004
Speaker Pro Tempore: Christine Kehoe (D, San Diego)
Majority Leader: Wilma Chan (D, Oakland)
Minority Leader: Kevin McCarthy (R, Bakersfield) from Jan. 5, 2004
      Dave Cox (R, Fair Oaks) until Jan. 5, 2004

Democratic: 48
Republican: 32

 D 25
R 15		 D 48
R 32
2003 Gore/Lieberman - 53%
Bush/Cheney - 42%
Other - 5%

2000 Presidential Election
November 7, 2000

      

Democratic: Al Gore and Joseph Lieberman
Republican: George W. Bush and Dick Cheney

ELECTION RESULTS IN CALIFORNIA:

Gore/Lieberman: 54 Electoral Votes • 5,861,203 (53.45%)
Bush/Cheney: 0 Electoral Votes • 4,567,429 (41.65%)
Other: 0 Electoral Votes • 509,220 (4.90%)

ELECTION RESULTS NATIONALLY:

Bush/Cheney: 271 Electoral Votes • 50,456,002 (47.86%)
Gore/Lieberman: 266 Electoral Votes • 50,999,897 (48.38%)
Other: 1 Electoral Vote • 3,965,524 (3.76%)

       		Gray Davis (D)
Cruz Bustamante (D)
2002 107

107th United States Congress
January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party; from June 6, 2001
    Republican Party; from January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
    Democratic Party; to January 20, 2001
House Control:
    Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Dick Cheney (R-WY); from January 20, 2001
Al Gore (D-TN); to January 20, 2001

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Dennis Hastert (R-IL)		 Tom Daschle (D-SD)

Thomas A. Daschle (D-SD)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
June 6, 2001 to January 3, 2003
January 3, 2001 to January 20, 2001

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1995 to Jan. 3, 2005
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1987 to Jan. 3, 2005

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

Robert C. Byrd (D-WV)

 D 51 R 49

107th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003
Democratic Majority from June 6, 2001
Republican Majority January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
Democratic Majority until January 20, 2001

President: Dick Cheney (R-WY) from January 20, 2001
      Al Gore (D-TN) until January 20, 2001
Presidents Pro Tempore: Robert Byrd (D-WV) from June 6, 2001
      Strom Thurmond (R-SC) January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
      Robert Byrd (D-WV) until January 20, 2001
Majority Leader: Tom Daschle (D-SD) from June 6, 2001
      Trent Lott (R-MS) January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
      Tom Daschle (D-SD) until January 20, 2001
Minority Leader: Trent Lott (R-MS) from June 6, 2001
      Tom Daschle (D-SD) January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
      Trent Lott (R-MS) until January 20, 2001

Democratic: 50
Independent: 1 (Independent Caucuses with Democrats)
Republican: 49
      from June 6, 2001
Republican: 50
Democratic: 50
      until June 6, 2001

 R 223
D 212

107th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003
Republican Majority

Speaker: Dennis Hastert (R-IL)
Majority Leader: Dick Armey (R-TX)
Minority Leader: Dick Gephardt (D-MO)

Republican: 223
Democratic: 212

 D 32
R 20

107th Congress
United States House of Representatives
January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003
California Delegation (52 Seats)

Democratic: 32
Republican: 20
California State Senate
2001-02 Session
December 4, 2000 to November 30, 2002
Democratic Majority

President: Cruz Bustamante (D)
President Pro Tempore: John L. Burton (D, San Francisco)
Majority Leader: Richard Polanco (D, Los Angeles)
Minority Leader: Jim Brulte (R, Ontario)

Democratic: 26
Republican: 14
California State Assembly
2001-02 Session
December 4, 2000 to November 30, 2002
Democratic Majority

Speaker: Herb Wesson (D, Los Angeles) from Feb. 6, 2002
      Robert Hertzberg (D, Los Angeles) until Feb. 6, 2002
Speaker Pro Tempore: Fred Keeley (D, Santa Cruz)
Majority Leader: Kevin Shelley (D, San Diego)
Minority Leader: Dave Cox (R, Fair Oaks) from Mar. 26, 2001
      Bill Campbell (R, Villa Park) until Mar. 26, 2001

Democratic: 50
Republican: 30

 D 26
R 14		 D 50
R 30
2001 Trent Lott (R-MS)
Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

C. Trent Lott Sr. (R-MS)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
June 12, 1996 to January 3, 2001

Republican Floor Leader from Jun. 12, 1996 to Jan. 3, 2003
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1989 to Dec. 18, 2007

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

 R 50 D 50

107th Congress
United States Senate
January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003
Democratic Majority from June 6, 2001
Republican Majority January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
Democratic Majority until January 20, 2001

President: Dick Cheney (R-WY) from January 20, 2001
      Al Gore (D-TN) until January 20, 2001
Presidents Pro Tempore: Robert Byrd (D-WV) from June 6, 2001
      Strom Thurmond (R-SC) January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
      Robert Byrd (D-WV) until January 20, 2001
Majority Leader: Tom Daschle (D-SD) from June 6, 2001
      Trent Lott (R-MS) January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
      Tom Daschle (D-SD) until January 20, 2001
Minority Leader: Trent Lott (R-MS) from June 6, 2001
      Tom Daschle (D-SD) January 20, 2001 to June 6, 2001
      Trent Lott (R-MS) until January 20, 2001

Democratic: 50
Independent: 1 (Independent Caucuses with Democrats)
Republican: 49
      from June 6, 2001
Republican: 50
Democratic: 50
      until June 6, 2001

2000 Bill Clinton (D-AR)
Al Gore (D-TN)

William J. Clinton (D-AR)
42nd President of the United States
January 20, 1993 to January 20, 2001

Re-Elected on November 5, 1996 (379-159)
Elected on November 3, 1992 (370-168)

Vice President Albert A. Gore Jr. (D-TN)

 106

106th United States Congress
January 3, 1999 to January 3, 2001

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Al Gore (D-TN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Dennis Hastert (R-IL)		 R 55
D 45		 R 223
D 212		 D 27 R 25 D 25
R 15		 D 47
R 32
G 1
1999 Clinton/Gore - 51%
Dole/Kemp - 38%
Perot/Campbell - 7%
Other - 4%		 D 28 R 24
1998 105

105th United States Congress
January 3, 1997 to January 3, 1999

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Al Gore (D-TN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Newt Gingrich (R-GA)		 Newt Gingrich (R-GA) R 227
D 208		 D 29
R 23		 Pete Wilson (R)
Gray Davis (D); 1995-99
Leo McCarthy; 1991-95		 D 23
R 16
I 1		 D 43
R 37
1997
1996 104

104th United States Congress
January 3, 1995 to January 3, 1997

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Al Gore (D-TN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Newt Gingrich (R-GA)		 R 53
D 47		 R 230
D 205		 D 26 R 26 D 21
R 17
I 2		 R 41
D 39
1995 Bob Dole (R-KS)

Robert J. Dole (R-KS)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1995 to June 11, 1996
January 3, 1985 to January 3, 1987

Republican Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1985 to Jun. 11, 1996
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1969 to Jun. 11, 1996

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

 Clinton/Gore - 46%
Bush/Quayle - 33%
Perot/Stockdale - 21%		 D 27 R 25
1994 103

103rd United States Congress
January 3, 1993 to January 3, 1995

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Al Gore (D-TN); from January 20, 1993
Dan Quayle (R-IN); to January 20, 1993

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tom Foley (D-WA)		 George Mitchell (D-ME)
Robert Byrd (D-WV)

George J. Mitchell Jr. (D-ME)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1989 to January 3, 1995

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1989 to Jan. 3, 1995
United States Senator from May 17, 1980 to Jan. 3, 1995

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

Robert C. Byrd (D-WV)

 D 57
R 43		 Tom Foley (D-WA) D 259
R 176		 B
L
A
C
K
M
U
N		 D 30
R 22		 D 23
R 15
I 2		 D 48
R 34
1993 W
H
I
T
E
1992 George Bush (R-TX)
Dan Quayle (R-IN)

George H. W. Bush (R-TX)
41st President of the United States
January 20, 1989 to January 20, 1993

Lost Re-Election on November 3, 1992 (159-379)
Elected on November 8, 1988 (426-111)

Vice President J. Danforth Quayle (R-IN)

 102

102nd United States Congress
January 3, 1991 to January 3, 1993

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Dan Quayle (R-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tom Foley (D-WA)		 D 56
R 44		 D 268
R 167		 Seymour (R) Cranston (D) D 26
R 19		 D 25
R 14
I 1		 D 46
R 34
1991 M
A
R
S
H
A
L
L		 Bush/Quayle - 51%
Dukakis/Bentson - 48%
Other - 1%
1990 101

101st United States Congress
January 3, 1989 to January 3, 1991

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

                    
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Dan Quayle (R-IN); from January 20, 1989
George Bush (R-TX); to January 20, 1989

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tom Foley (D-WA); from June 6, 1989
Jim Wright (D-TX); to June 6, 1989		 D 55
R 45		 D 259
R 174		 B
R
E
N
N
A
N		 Wilson (R) D 28
R 17		 George Deukmejian (R)
Leo McCarthy (R)		 D 24
R 14
I 1		 D 47
R 33
1989 Jim Wright (D-TX)
1988 Ronald Reagan (R-CA)
George Bush (R-TX)

Ronald W. Reagan (R-CA)
40th President of the United States
January 20, 1981 to January 20, 1989

Re-Elected on November 6, 1984 (525-13)
Elected on November 4, 1980 (489-49)

Vice President George H. W. Bush (R-TX)

 100

100th United States Congress
January 3, 1987 to January 3, 1989

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Bush (R-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Jim Wright (D-TX)		 Robert Byrd (D-WV)
John Stennis (D-MS)

Robert C. Byrd (D-WV)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1987 to January 3, 1989
January 3, 1977 to January 3, 1981

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1977 to Jan. 3, 1989
United States Senator from May 17, 1959 to Jun. 28, 2010

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

John C. Stennis (D-MS)

 D 56
R 46		 D 258
R 177		 D 44
R 36
1987 P
O
W
E
L
L		 Reagan/Bush - 58%
Mondale/Ferraro - 41%
Other - 1%
1986 99

99th United States Congress
January 3, 1985 to January 3, 1987

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Bush (R-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tip O'Neill (D-MA)		 Bob Dole (R-KS)
Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

Robert J. Dole (R-KS)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1995 to June 11, 1996
January 3, 1985 to January 3, 1987

Republican Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1985 to Jun. 11, 1996
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1969 to Jun. 11, 1996

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

 R 52
D 48		 Tip O'Neill (D-MA) D 253
R 182		 B
U
R
G
E
R		 R
E
H
N
Q
U
I
S
T		 D 25
R 15		 D 47
R 33
1985
1984 98

98th United States Congress
January 3, 1983 to January 3, 1985

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Bush (R-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tip O'Neill (D-MA)		 Howard Baker (R-TN)
Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

Howard H. Baker, Jr. (R-TN)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1981 to January 3, 1985

Republican Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1977 to Jan. 3, 1985
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1967 to Jan. 3, 1985

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC)

 R 54
D 46		 D 269
R 166		 D 48
R 32
1983 Reagan/Bush - 53%
Carter/Mondale - 36%
Anderson/Lucey - 9%
Other - 2%
1982 97

97th United States Congress
January 3, 1981 to January 3, 1983

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Bush (R-TX); from January 20, 1981
Walter Mondale (D-MN); until January 20, 1981

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tip O'Neill (D-MA)		 R 53
D 47		 D 243
R 192		 Hayakawa (R) D 22
R 21		 Jerry Brown (D)
Michael Curb (R); 1979-83
Mervyn Dymally (D); 1975-79		 D 26
R 14		 D 47
R 33
1981 S
T
E
W
A
R
T
1980 Jimmy Carter (D-GA)
Walter Mondale (D-MN)

James Earl Carter Jr. (D-GA)
39th President of the United States
January 20, 1977 to January 20, 1981

Lost Re-Election on November 4, 1980 (49-489)
Elected on November 2, 1976 (297-240)

Vice President Walter F. Mondale (D-MN)

 96

96th United States Congress
January 3, 1979 to January 3, 1981

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Walter Mondale (D-MN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tip O'Neill (D-MA)		 Robert Byrd (D-WV)
Warren Magnuson (D-WA); 1979-81
Milton Young (R-ND); 1980
James Eastland (D-MS); 1972-78

Robert C. Byrd (D-WV)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1987 to January 3, 1989
January 3, 1977 to January 3, 1981

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1977 to Jan. 3, 1989
United States Senator from May 17, 1959 to Jun. 28, 2010

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
                    
Warren G. Magnuson (D-WA); from December 6, 1980
Milton R. Young (R-ND); December 5, 1980 to December 6, 1980
Warren G. Magnuson (D-WA); January 3, 1979 to December 5, 1980
James O. Eastland (D-MS); until December 27, 1978

 D 59
R 41		 D 276
R 159		 D 28
R 15		 D 50
R 30
1979 Ford/Dole - 49%
Carter/Mondale - 48%
Other - 3%
1978 95

95th United States Congress
January 3, 1977 to January 3, 1979

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Walter Mondale (D-MN); from January 20, 1977
Nelson Rockefeller (R-NY); until January 20, 1977

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Tip O'Neill (D-MA)		 D 62
R 38		 D 292
R 143		 D 29
R 14		 D 28
R 12		 D 57
R 23
1977
1976 Gerald Ford (R-MI)
Nelson Rockefeller (R-NY)

Gerald R. Ford (R-MI)
38th President of the United States
August 9, 1974 to January 20, 1977

Lost Election bid on November 2, 1976 (240-297)
Elevated to the Presidency on August 9, 1974
Confirmed as Vice President in the House on December 6, 1973 (387-35)
Confirmed as Vice President in the Senate on November 27, 1973 (92-3)

Vice President Nelson A. Rockefeller (R-NY); from December 19, 1974

 94

94th United States Congress
January 3, 1975 to January 3, 1977

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Nelson Rockefeller (R-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Carl Albert (D-OK)		 Mike Mansfield (D-MT)
James Eastland; 1972-78
Allen Ellender (D-LA); 1971-72
Richard Russell (D-GA); 1969-71
Carl Hayden (D-AZ); 1957-69

Michael J. Mansfield (D-MT)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1961 to January 3, 1977

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1961 to Jan. 3, 1977
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1953 to Jan. 3, 1977

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
                    
James O. Eastland (D-MS); from July 28, 1972
Allen J. Ellender (D-LA); January 21, 1971 to July 27, 1972
Richard B. Russell, Jr. (D-GA); January 3, 1969 to January 21, 1971
Carl T. Hayden (D-AZ); until January 3, 1969

 D 61
R 39		 Carl Albert (D-OK) D 291
R 144		 Tunney (D) D 28
R 15		 D 25
R 15		 D 55
R 25
1975 D
O
U
G
L
A
S		 Nixon/Agnew - 55%
McGovern/Shriver - 42%
Other - 3%
1974 Richard Nixon (R-CA)
Gerald Ford (R-MI); 1973-74
Spiro Agnew; 1969-73

Richard M. Nixon (R-CA)
37th President of the United States
January 20, 1969 to August 9, 1974

Re-Elected on November 7, 1972 (520-17)
Elected on November 5, 1968 (301-191)

Vice President Gerald R. Ford (R-MI); from December 6, 1973

Vice President Spiro T. Agnew (R-MD); until October 10, 1973

 93

93rd United States Congress
January 3, 1973 to January 3, 1975

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

                    
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Nelson Rockefeller (R-NY); from December 19, 1974
Vacant; August 9, 1974 to December 19, 1974
Gerald Ford (R-MI); December 6, 1973 to August 9, 1974
Vacant; October 10, 1973 to December 6, 1973
Spiro Agnew (R-MD); until October 10, 1973

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Carl Albert (D-OK)		 D 57
R 43		 D 242
R 193		 D 23
R 20		 Ronald Reagan (R)
John Harmer (R); 1974-75
Edwin Reinecke (R); 1969-74
Robert Finch (R); 1967-69		 D 20
R 20		 D 51
R 29
1973
1972 92

92nd United States Congress
January 3, 1971 to January 3, 1973

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Spiro Agnew (R-MD)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Carl Albert (D-OK)		 D 55
R 45		 D 255
R 180		 D 20
R 18		 D 21
R 19		 D 43
R 37
1971 B
L
A
C
K		 H
A
R
L
A
N

I
I		 Nixon/Agnew - 49%
Humphrey/Muskie - 45%
Wallace/LeMay - 6%
1970 91

91st United States Congress
January 3, 1969 to January 3, 1971

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Spiro Agnew (R-MD); from January 20, 1969
Hubert H. Humphrey (D-MN); until January 20, 1969

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John McCormack (D-MA)		 D 57
R 43		 John McCormack (D-MA) D 243
R 192		 Murphy (R) D 21
R 17		 R 21
D 19		 R 41
R 39
1969 F
O
R
T
A
S
1968 Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX)
Hubert Humphrey (D-MN); 1965-69

Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX)
36th President of the United States
November 22, 1963 to January 20, 1969

Won Election bid on November 3, 1964 (468-52)
Elevated to the Presidency on November 22, 1963
Elected as Vice President on November 8, 1960 (303-219)
Previously served as Senate Majority Leader from 1955 to 1961

Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey (D-MN); from January 20, 1965

 90

90th United States Congress
January 3, 1967 to January 3, 1969

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Hubert H. Humphrey (D-MN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John McCormack (D-MA)		 D 62
R 38		 D 248
R 187		 W
A
R
R
E
N		 Kuchel (R) D 20 R 20 D 42
R 38
1967 C
L
A
R
K		 Johnson/Humphrey - 59%
Goldwater/Miller - 41%		 D 21 R 19
1966 89

89th United States Congress
January 3, 1965 to January 3, 1967

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Hubert H. Humphrey (D-MN); from January 20, 1969
Vacant; until January 20, 1969

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John McCormack (D-MA)		 D 68
R 32		 D 295
R 140		 D 23
R 15		 Pat Brown (D)
Glenn Anderson (D)		 D 27
R 13		 D 49
R 31
1965 ★
1964 88

88th United States Congress
January 3, 1963 to January 3, 1965

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from November 22, 1963
Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX); until November 22, 1963

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John McCormack (D-MA)		 D 66
R 34		 D 258
R 177		 Salinger (D) D 52
R 28
1963 John F. Kennedy (D-MA)
Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX)

John F. Kennedy (D-MA)
35th President of the United States
January 20, 1961 to November 22, 1963

Elected on November 8, 1960 (303-219)

Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson (D-MN)

 Nixon/Lodge - 50%
Kennedy/Johnson - 49%
Other - 1%		 Engle (D)
1962 87

87th United States Congress
January 3, 1961 to January 3, 1963

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

                    
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX); from January 20, 1961
Richard Nixon (R-CA); until January 20, 1961

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John McCormack (D-MA); from January 10, 1962
Sam Rayburn (D-TX); until November 16, 1961		 D 65
R 35		 D 263
R 174		 F
R
A
N
K
F
U
R
T
E
R		 D 24
R 14		 D 30
R 10		 D 47
R 33
1961 Sam Rayburn (D-TX) W
H
I
T
T
A
K
E
R
1960 Dwight Eisenhower (R-PA)
Richard Nixon (R-CA)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (R-NY/PA)
34th President of the United States
January 20, 1953 to January 20, 1961

Re-Elected on November 6, 1956 (457-73)
Elected on November 4, 1952 (442-89)

Vice President Richard M. Nixon (R-CA)

 86

86th United States Congress
January 3, 1959 to January 3, 1961

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Richard Nixon (R-CA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX)
Carl Hayden (D-AZ); 1957-69
Walter George (D-GA); 1955-57

Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1955 to January 3, 1961

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1953 to Jan. 3, 1961
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1949 to Jan. 3, 1961

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
      
Carl T. Hayden (D-AZ); from January 3, 1957
Walter F. George (D-GA; until January 3, 1957

 D 66
R 34		 D 282
R 153		 D 16
R 14		 D 26
R 14
1959 Eisenhower/Nixon - 55%
Stevenson/Kefauver - 44%
Other - 1%
1958 85

85th United States Congress
January 3, 1957 to January 3, 1959

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Richard Nixon (R-CA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 D 49
R 47		 D 234
R 201		 B
U
R
T
O
N		 Knowland (R) R 17
D 13		 Goodwin Knight (R)
Harold Powers (R)		 D 20
R 20		 R 42
D 38
1957
1956 84

84th United States Congress
January 3, 1955 to January 3, 1957

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Richard Nixon (R-CA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 D 49
R 47		 D 232
R 203		 M
I
N
T
O
N		 R
E
E
D		 R 19
D 11		 R 22
D 18		 R 47
D 23
1955 Eisenhower/Nixon - 57%
Stevenson/Sparkman - 42%
Other - 1%
1954 83

83rd United States Congress
January 3, 1953 to January 3, 1955

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Richard Nixon (R-CA); from January 20, 1953
Alben W. Barkley (D-KY); until January 20, 1953

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph W. Martin Jr. (R-MA)		 William Knowland (R-CA)

William F. Knowland (R-CA)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
August 4, 1953 to January 3, 1955

Republican Floor Leader from Aug. 4, 1953 to Jan. 3, 1959
United States Senator from Aug. 26, 1945 to Jan. 3, 1959

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

H. Styles Bridges (R-NH)

 R 49
D 47		 Joseph Martin, Jr. (R-MA) R 221
D 213
I 1		 J
A
C
K
S
O
N		 R 29
D 11		 R 53
D 27
1953 Robert Taft (R-OH)

Robert A. Taft (R-OH)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1953 to July 31, 1953

Republican Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1953 to Jul. 31, 1953
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1939 to Jul. 31, 1953

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

H. Styles Bridges (R-NH)

 V
I
N
S
O
N		 Earl Warren (R)
Goodwin Knight (R); 1947-53
Frederick Houser; 1943-47
1952 Harry Truman (D-MO)
Alben Barkley (D-KY); 1949-53

Harry S. Truman (D-MO)
33rd President of the United States
April 12, 1945 to January 20, 1953

Won Election bid on November 2, 1944 (303-189-39)
Elevated to the Presidency on April 12, 1945
Elected as Vice President on November 7, 1944 (432-99)

Vice President Alben W. Barkley (D-KY); from January 20, 1949

 82

82nd United States Congress
January 3, 1951 to January 3, 1953

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Alben W. Barkley (D-KY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 Ernest McFarland (D-AZ)
Kenneth McKellar (D-TN)

Ernest W. McFarland (D-AZ)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1951 to January 3, 1953

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1951 to Jan. 3, 1953
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1941 to Jan. 3, 1953

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE

Kenneth D. McKellar (D-TN)

 D 49
R 47		 Sam Rayburn (D-TX) D 235
R 199
I 1		 Nixon (R) R 12
D 11		 R 28
D 12		 R 47
D 33
1951 Truman/Barkley - 48%
Dewey/Warren - 47%
Other - 5%
1950 81

81st United States Congress
January 3, 1949 to January 3, 1951

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Alben W. Barkley (D-KY); from January 20, 1949
Vacant; until January 20, 1949

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 Scott W. Lucas (D-IL)
Kenneth McKellar (D-TN)

Scott W. Lucas (D-IL)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1949 to January 3, 1951

Democratic Floor Leader from Jan. 3, 1949 to Jan. 3, 1951
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1939 to Jan. 3, 1951

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE

Kenneth D. McKellar (D-TN)

 D 54
R 42		 D 263
R 171
O 1		 Downey (D) R 26
D 14		 R 45
D 35
1949 R
U
T
L
E
D
G
E		 M
U
R
P
H
Y
1948 80

80th United States Congress
January 3, 1947 to January 3, 1949

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph W. Martin Jr. (R-MA)		 Wallace H. White (R-ME)
Kenneth McKellar (D-TN)

Wallace H. White (R-ME)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
January 3, 1947 to January 3, 1949

Republican Floor Leader from Feb. 25, 1944 to Jan. 3, 1949
United States Senator from Mar. 4, 1931 to Jan. 3, 1949

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

Arthur H. Vandenberg, Sr. (R-MI)

 R 51
D 45		 Joseph Martin, Jr. (R-MA) R 246
D 188
O 1		 R 14
D 9		 R 24
D 20		 R 48
D 32
1947 Roosevelt/Truman - 56%
Dewey/Bricker - 43%
Other - 1%
1946 79

79th United States Congress
January 3, 1945 to January 3, 1947

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from April 12, 1945
Harry S. Truman (D-MO); January 20, 1945 to April 12, 1945
Henry A. Wallace (D-IA); until January 20, 1945

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 Alben Barkley (D-KY)
Kenneth McKellar (D-TN); 1945-47
Carter Glass (D-VA); 1941-45
Pat Harrison (D-MS); 1941
William King (D-UT); 1940-41
Key Pittman (D-NV); 1933-40

Alben W. Barkley (D-KY)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
July 14, 1937 to January 3, 1947

Democratic Floor Leader from Jul. 14, 1937 to Jan. 3, 1949
United States Senator from Jan. 3, 1955 to Apr. 30, 1956
      Mar. 4, 1927 to Jan. 19, 1949

PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE
      
             
Kenneth D. McKellar (D-TN); from January 6, 1945
Carter Glass (D-VA); JJuly 11, 1941 to January 3, 1945
Byron P. "Pat" Harrison (D-GA); January 6, 1941 to June 22, 1941
William H. King (D-UT); November 19, 1940 to January 3, 1941
Key D. Pittman (D-NV); until November 10, 1940

 D 57
R 38
P 1		 Sam Rayburn (D-TX) D 243
R 190
O 2		 D 16
R 7		 R 42
D 37I 1
1945 S
T
O
N
E		 R
O
B
E
R
T
S		 Johnson (R)
1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D-NY)
Harry Truman (D-MO); 1945
Henry Wallace (D-IA); 1941-45
John N. Garner (D-TX); 1933-41

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (D-NY)
32nd President of the United States
March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945

Re-Elected on November 7, 1944 (432-99)
Re-Elected on November 5, 1940 (449-82)
Re-Elected on November 3, 1936 (523-8)
Elected on November 8, 1932 (472-59)

Vice President Harry S. Truman (D-MO); from January 20, 1945

Vice President Henry A. Wallace (D-IA); from January 20, 1941 to January 20, 1945

Vice President John Nance Garner (D-TX); until January 20, 1941

 78

78th United States Congress
January 3, 1943 to January 3, 1945

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Henry A. Wallace (D-IA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 D 222
R 209
O 4		 D 13
R 10		 R 24
D 16		 R 44
D 36
1943 Roosevelt/Wallace - 57%
Willkie/McNary - 41%
Other - 2%
1942 77

77th United States Congress
January 3, 1941 to January 3, 1943

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Henry A. Wallace (D-IA); from January 20, 1941
John N. Garner (D-TX); until January 20, 1941

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX)		 D 66
R 28
O 2		 D 268
R 162
O 5		 ★ D 10
R 10		 Culbert Olson (D)
Ellis Patterson (D)		 D 42
R 38
1941 H
U
G
H
E
S		 S
T
O
N
E
1940 76

76th United States Congress
January 3, 1939 to January 3, 1941

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John N. Garner (D-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Sam Rayburn (D-TX); from September 16, 1940
William B. Bankhead (D-AL); until September 15, 1940		 D 69
R 23
O 4		 D 261
R 169
O 5		 M
C
R
E
Y
N
O
L
D
S		 D 11
R 8
P 1		 R 21
D 19		 D 44
R 36
1939 William Bankhead (D-AL) B
U
T
L
E
R		 Roosevelt/Garner - 67%
Landon/Knox - 32%
Other - 1%
1938 75

75th United States Congress
January 3, 1937 to January 3, 1939

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John N. Garner (D-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
William B. Bankhead (D-AL)		 D 76
R 16
O 4		 D 333
R 89
O 13		 C
A
R
D
O
Z
O		 B
R
A
N
D
E
I
S		 Storke (D) D 13
R 4
P 1		 Frank Merriam (R)
George Hatfield (R); 1935-39		 R 25
D 15		 D 47
R 33
1937 Joe Robinson (D-AR)
Key Pittman (D-NV)

Joseph T. Robinson (D-KY)
Majority Leader of the United States Senate
March 4, 1933 to July 14, 1937

Democratic Floor Leader from Dec. 3, 1923 to Jul. 14, 1937
United States Senator from Mar. 10, 1913 to Jul. 14, 1937

PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE

Key D. Pittman (D-NV)

 V
A
N

D
E
V
A
N
T
E
R		 S
U
T
H
E
R
L
A
N
D		 McAdoo (D)
1936 74

74th United States Congress
January 3, 1935 to January 3, 1937

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John N. Garner (D-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
William B. Bankhead (D-AL); from June 4, 1936
Jo Byrns (D-TN); until June 4, 1936 		D 69
R 25
O 2		 D 323
R 102
O 10		 D 13
R 7		 R 31
D 8
I 1		 R 42
D 37
I 1
1935 Joseph Byrnes, Sr. (D-TN) Roosevelt/Garner - 58%
Hoover/Curtis - 37%
Other - 5%
1934 73

73rd United States Congress
March 4, 1933 to January 3, 1935

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John N. Garner (D-TX)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Vacant; from August 19, 1934
Henry T. Rainey (D-IL); until August 19, 1934		 D 58
R 36
FL 1		 Henry Rainey (D-IL) D 313
R 117
FL 5		 D 11
R 9		 R 35
D 5		 R 55
D 25
1933 James Rolph (R)
Frank Merriam (R)
1932 Herbert Hoover (R-CA)
Charles Curtis (R-KS)

Herbert Hoover (R-CA)
31st President of the United States
March 4, 1929 to March 4, 1933

Lost Re-Election on November 8, 1932 (59-472)
Elected on November 6, 1928 (444-87)

Vice President Charles Curtis (R-KS)

 72

72nd United States Congress
March 4, 1931 to March 4, 1933

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Charles Curtis (R-KS)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John N. Garner (D-TX); from December 7, 1931
Vacant; until December 7, 1931		 James Watson (R-IN)
George H. Moses (R-NH)		 R 48
D 47
FL 1		 John N. Garner (D-TX) D 220
R 214
FL 1		 Shortridge (R) R 10
D 1		 R 36
D 4		 R 73
D 7
1931 H
O
L
M
E
S		 Hoover/Curtis - 65%
Smith/Robinson - 34%
Other - 1%
1930 71

71st United States Congress
March 4, 1929 to March 4, 1931

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Charles Curtis (R-KS)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nicholas Longworth (R-OH)		 R 54
D 41
FL 1		 Nicholas Longworth (R-OH) R 270
D 164
FL 1		 CC Young (R)
Herschel Carnahan (R); 1928-31
Buron Fitts; 1927-28		 R 35
D 5		 R 71
D 7
I 2
1929 T
A
F
T		 S
A
N
F
O
R
D
1928 Calvin Coolidge (R-MA)
Charles Dawes (R-IL); 1925-29

Calvin Coolidge (R-MA)
30th President of the United States
August 2, 1923 to March 4, 1929

Won Election bid on November 4, 1924 (382-136-13)
Elevated to the Presidency on August 2, 1923
Elected as Vice President on November 2, 1920 (404-127)

Vice President Charles G. Dawes (R-IL); from March 4, 1925

 70

70th United States Congress
March 4, 1927 to March 4, 1929

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Charles G. Dawes (R-IL)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nicholas Longworth (R-OH)		 Charles Curtis (R-KS)
George H. Moses (R-NH); 1925-33
Albert Cummins (R-IA); 1919-25		 R 48
D 47
FL 1		 R 238
D 194
O 3		 R 74
D 6
1927 Coolidge/Dawes - 57%
La Follette/Wheeler - 33%
Davis/Bryan - 8%
Other - 3%
1926 69

69th United States Congress
March 4, 1925 to March 4, 1927

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Charles G. Dawes (R-IL)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nicholas Longworth (R-OH)		 R 55
D 40
FL 1		 R 248
D 183
O 4		 R 9
D 2		 Friend Richardson (R)
CC Young (R)		 R 37
D 3		 R 75
D 5
1925
1924 68

68th United States Congress
March 4, 1923 to March 4, 1925

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from August 2, 1923
Calvin Coolidge (R-MA); until August 2, 1923

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Frederick H. Gillett (R-MA)		 R 53
D 42
FL 1		 Frederick Gillett (R-MA) R 225
D 207
O 3		 M
C
K
E
N
N
A		 R 36
D 3
I 1		 R 76
D 4
1923 Warren G. Harding (R-OH)
Calvin Coolidge (R-MA)

Warren G. Harding (R-OH)
29th President of the United States
March 4, 1921 to August 2, 1923

Elected on November 2, 1920 (404-127)

Vice President Calvin Coolidge (R-MA)

 Henry Cabot Lodge (R-MA)
Albert Cummins (R-IA)		 Coolidge/Dawes - 57%
La Follette/Wheeler - 33%
Davis/Bryan - 8%
Other - 3%
1922 67

67th United States Congress
March 4, 1921 to March 4, 1923

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Calvin Coolidge (R-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Frederick H. Gillett (R-MA)		 R 59
D 37		 R 301
D 132
O 2		 D
A
Y		 C
L
A
R
K
E		 P
I
T
N
E
Y		 William Stephens (R)
CC Young (R)		 R 33
D 7		 R 73
D 7
1921
1920 Woodrow Wilson (D-NJ)
Thomas Marshall (D-IN)

T. Woodrow Wilson (D-NJ)
28th President of the United States
March 4, 1913 to March 4, 1921

Re-Elected on November 7, 1916 (277-254)
Elected on November 5, 1912 (434-88-8)

Vice President Thomas R. Marshall (R-MA)

 66

66th United States Congress
March 4, 1919 to March 4, 1921

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Thomas R. Marshall (D-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Frederick H. Gillett (R-MA)		 R 49
D 47		 R 239
D 193
O 3		 W
H
I
T
E		 Phelan (D) R 32
D 7
I 1		 R 70
D 10
1919 Wilson/Marshall - 47%
Hughes/Fairbanks - 46%
Other - 7%
1918 65

65th United States Congress
March 4, 1917 to March 4, 1919

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Thomas R. Marshall (D-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Champ Clark (D-MO)		 Hamilton Lewis (D-IL)
Willard Saulsbury (D-DE); 1916-19
James Clarke (D-AR); 1913-16		 D 54
R 42		 Champ Clark (D-MO) D 217
R 216
O 1		 R 5
D 4
O 2		 R 20
D 11
O 9		 R 69
D 9
O 2
1917
1916 64

64th United States Congress
March 4, 1915 to March 4, 1917

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Thomas R. Marshall (D-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Champ Clark (D-MO)		 D 56
R 40		 D 230
R 197
O 8		 Works (R) R 5 D 3 O 3 Hiram Johnson (P)
William Stephens (R); 1916-17
John Eshleman (P); 1915-16
Albert Wallace (R); 1911-15		 R 21
D 10
P 9		 P/D 28/15
R 33
O 4
1915 L
A
M
A
R		 H
U
G
H
E
S		 Roosevelt/Johnson - 42%
Wilson/Marshall - 42%
Debs/Seidel - 12%
Other - 4%		 R 4 D 3 O 4
1914 63

63rd United States Congress
March 4, 1913 to March 4, 1915

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Thomas R. Marshall (D-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Champ Clark (D-MO)		 D 53
R 42
P 1		 D 290
R 134
O 11		 L
U
R
T
O
N		 Perkins (R) R 7
D 3
I 1		 R 30
D 10		 R 54
D 25
S 1
1913
1912 William H. Taft (R-OH)
James S. Sherman (R-NY); 1909-12

William Howard Taft (R-OH)
27th President of the United States
March 4, 1909 to March 4, 1913

Lost Re-Election on November 5, 1912 (8-434-88)
Elected on November 3, 1908 (321-162)
Would later serve as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1921 to 1930

Vice President James S. Sherman (R-NY); to October 30, 1912

 62

62nd United States Congress
March 4, 1911 to March 4, 1913

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from October 30, 1912
James S. Sherman (R-NY); until October 30, 1912

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Champ Clark (D-MO)		 Rotation (R/D), 1911-12 R 50
D 42		 D 230
R 163
O 1		 R 7
D 1
 R 32
D 18		 R 69
D 11
1911 William P. Frye (R-ME) H
A
R
L
A
N		 Taft/Sherman - 55%
Bryan/Kern - 33%
Debs/Hanford - 7%
Other - 5%
1910 61

61st United States Congress
March 4, 1909 to March 4, 1911

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
James S. Sherman (R-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph G. Cannon (R-IL)		 R 60
D 32		 Joseph G. Cannon (R-IL) R 219
D 172		 F
U
L
L
E
R		 W
H
I
T
E		 M
O
O
D
Y		 B
R
E
W
E
R		 Flint (R) R 8 Warren Porter (R)
James Gillett (R)		 R 30
D 9
I 1		 R 60
D 20
1909 P
E
C
K
H
A
M
1908 Theodore Roosevelt (R-NY)
Charles Fairbanks (R-IN); 1905-09

Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. (R-NY)
26th President of the United States
September 14, 1901 to March 4, 1909

Lost Election bid on November 5, 1912 (88-434-8)
Won Election bid on November 8, 1904
Elevated to the Presidency on September 14, 1901
Elected as Vice President on November 6, 1900 (292-155)

Vice President Charles W. Fairbanks (R-IN); from March 4, 1905

 60

60th United States Congress
March 4, 1907 to March 4, 1909

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Charles W. Fairbanks (R-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph G. Cannon (R-IL)		 R 61
D 31		 R 224
D 167		 R 33
D 6
I 1		 R 73
D 6
I 1
1907 Roosevelt/Fairbanks - 62%
Parker/Davis - 27%
Debs/Hanford - 9%
Other - 2%
1906 59

59th United States Congress
March 4, 1905 to March 4, 1907

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Charles W. Fairbanks (R-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph G. Cannon (R-IL)		 R 58
D 32		 R 250
D 136		 B
R
O
W
N		 George Pardee (R)
Alden Anderson (R)		 R 33
D 3
O 4		 R 72
D 4
O 4
1905
1904 58

58th United States Congress
March 4, 1903 to March 4, 1905

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph G. Cannon (R-IL)		 R 57
D 33		 R 208
D 178		 Bard (R) R 5
D 3
 R 33
D 7		 R 60
D 19
O 1
1903 McKinley/Roosevelt - 55%
Bryan/Stevenson - 41%
Other - 4%
1902 57

57th United States Congress
March 4, 1901 to March 4, 1903

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from September 14, 1901
Theodore Roosevelt (R-NY); until September 14, 1901

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
David B. Henderson (R-IA)		 R 57
D 29
O 4		 David Henderson (R-IA) R 198
D 152
PO 7		 G
R
A
Y		 S
H
I
R
A
S		 R 7 Henry Gage (R)
Jacob Neff (R)		 R 34
D 6		 R 60
D 20
1901 William McKinley (R-OH)
Theodore Roosevelt (R-NY); 1901
Garret Hobart (R-NJ); 1897-99

William McKinley (R-OH)
25th President of the United States
March 4, 1897 to September 14, 1901

Re-Elected on November 6, 1900 (292-155)
Elected on November 3, 1896 (271-176)

Vice President Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. (R-NY); from March 4, 1901

Vice President Garret A. Hobart (R-NJ); to November 21, 1899
1900 56

56th United States Congress
March 4, 1899 to March 4, 1901

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from November 21, 1899
Garret Hobart (R-NJ); until November 21, 1899

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
David B. Henderson (R-IA)		 R 53
D 25
O 12		 R 185
D 163
PO 9		 R 26
D 14		 R 59
D 20
I 2
1899 McKinley/Hobart - 49%
Bryan/Sewall - 48%
Other - 3%		 White (D) R 6-1
1898 55

55th United States Congress
March 4, 1897 to March 4, 1899

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Garret Hobart (R-NJ)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Thomas B. Reed (R-ME)		 R 44
D 34
O 12		 Thomas B. Reed (R-ME) R 203
D 127
PO 27		 R 3
D 2
P 2		 James Budd (D)
William Jeter (D); 1895-99
Spencer Millard (R); 1895		 R 28
D 12		 R 47
D 8
O 25
1897 F
I
E
L
D
1896 Grover Cleveland (D-NY)
Adlai Stevenson (D-IL)

S. Grover Cleveland (D-NY)
24th President of the United States
March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897

Won Election bid on November 8, 1892 (277-145-22)
Lost Re-Election on November 6, 1888 (168-233)
Elected on November 4, 1884 (219-182)

Vice President Adlai Stevenson I (D-IL); from March 4, 1901

 54

54th United States Congress
March 4, 1895 to March 4, 1897

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Adlai Stevenson I (D-IL)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Thomas B. Reed (R-ME)		 R 44
D 40
O 6		 R 244
D 105
PO 8		 R 4
D 2		 R 25
D 15		 R 64
D 14
O 2
1895 ★ Cleveland/Stevenson - 44%
Harrison/Sewall - 44%
Weaver/Field - 9%
Other - 3%
1894 53

53rd United States Congress
March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1895

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Adlai Stevenson I (D-IL)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Charles F. Crisp (D-GA)		 Isham G. Harris (D-TN)
Matt Ransom (D-NC), Jan. 1895		 D 53
R 41
O 4		 Charles Crisp (D-GA) D 217
R 127
PO 12		 Henry Markham (R)
John Reddick (R)		 R 22
D 18		 D 45
R 31
O 2
1893 B
L
A
T
C
H
F
O
R
D
1892 Benjamin Harrison (R-IN)
Levi P. Morton (R-NY)

Benjamin Harrison (R-IN)
23rd President of the United States
March 4, 1889 to March 4, 1893

Lost Re-Election on November 8, 1892 (145-277-22)
Elected on November 6, 1888 (219-182)

Vice President Levi Parsons Morton (R-NY)

 52

52nd United States Congress
March 4, 1891 to March 4, 1893

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Levi P. Morton (R-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Charles F. Crisp (D-GA)		 Charles Manderson (R-NE) R 47
D 39
O 2		 D 236
R 87
PO 9		 L
A
M
A
R		 Felton (R) Stanford (R) R 28
D 12		 R 60
D 19
O 1
1891 B
R
A
D
L
E
Y		 Harrison/Morton - 50%
Cleveland/Thurman - 47%
Other - 3%
1890 51

51st United States Congress
March 4, 1889 to March 4, 1891

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Levi P. Morton (R-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Thomas B. Reed (R-ME)		 R 51
D 37		 Thomas B. Reed (R-ME) R 164
D 160		 M
I
L
L
E
R		 Hearst (R) Robert Waterman (R)
Stephen M. White (D)		 D 22
R 18		 D 42
R 38
1889 John James Ingalls (R-KS) M
A
T
T
H
E
W
S
1888 Grover Cleveland (D-NY)
Thomas A. Hendricks (D-IN); 1885

S. Grover Cleveland (D-NY)
22nd President of the United States
March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889

Won Election bid on November 8, 1892 (277-145-22)
Lost Re-Election on November 6, 1888 (168-233)
Elected on November 4, 1884 (219-182)

Vice President Thomas A. Hendricks (D-IN); to November 25, 1885

 50

50th United States Congress
March 4, 1887 to March 4, 1889

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John G. Carlisle (D-KY)		 R 39
D 37		 John Carlisle (D-KY) D 168
R 153
O 4		 R 41
D 39
1887 W
A
I
T
E		 W
O
O
D
S		 Blaine/Logan - 52%
Cleveland/Hendricks - 45%
Other - 3%		 Williams (R) Washington Bartlett (D)
1886 49

49th United States Congress
March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1887

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from November 25, 1885
Thomas A. Hendricks (D-IN); until November 25, 1885

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John G. Carlisle (D-KY)		 R 42
D 34		 D 181
R 142
O 2		 Hearst (R) R 5
D 1		 George Stoneman (D)
John Daggett (D)		 D 20
R 20		 R 60
D 20
1885 John Sherman (R-OH) Miller (R)
1884 Chester A. Arthur (R-IN)

Chester Alan Arthur (R-NY)
21st President of the United States
September 19, 1881 to March 4, 1885

Elevated to the Presidency on September 19, 1881
Elected as Vice President on November 2, 1880 (214-155)

Vice Presidency Vacant

 48

48th United States Congress
March 4, 1883 to March 4, 1885

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John G. Carlisle (D-KY)		 George Edmunds (R-VT) R 48
D 36
O 2		 D 195
R 121
O 10		 Farley (D) D 6 D 32
R 8		 D 61
R 19
1883 Hancock/English - 49%
Garfield/Arthur - 49%
Other - 2%
1882 47

47th United States Congress
March 4, 1881 to March 4, 1883

Senate Control:
    Split Control
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from September 19, 1881
Chester A. Arthur (R-IN); until September 19, 1881

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
J. Warren Keifer (R-OH)		 D 37
R 37
O 2		 Warren Keifer (R-OH) R 147
D 136
O 10		 D 2
R 2		 George C. Perkins (R)
John Mansfield (R)		 R 23
D 7
O 10		 R 44
D 33
O 5
1881 James A. Garfield (R-OH)

James Abram Garfield (R-OH)
20th President of the United States
March 4, 1881 to September 19, 1881

Elected on November 2, 1880 (214-155)

Vice President Chester Alan Arthur (R-NY)

 David Davis (I-IL) H
U
N
T		 C
L
I
F
F
O
R
D
1880 Rutherford B. Hayes (R-OH)
William A. Wheeler (R-NY)

Rutherford Birchard Hayes (R-OH)
19th President of the United States
March 4, 1877 to March 4, 1881

Elected on November 7, 1876 (185-184)

Vice President William A. Wheeler (R-NY)

 46

46th United States Congress
March 4, 1879 to March 4, 1881

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
William A. Wheeler (R-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Samuel J. Randall (D-PA)		 Allen Thurman (D-OH) D 42
R 31
O 3		 Samuel Randall (D-PA) D 149
R 131
O 13		 S
T
R
O
N
G		 S
W
A
Y
N
E		 Booth (R) R 3
D 1		 R46 D18 O16
1879 Hayes/Wheeler - 50%
Tilden/Hendricks - 49%
Other - 1%		 William Irwin (D)
James Johnson (D)		 D 27
R 10
O 3		 D 55
R 24
O 1
1878 45

45th United States Congress
March 4, 1877 to March 4, 1879

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
William A. Wheeler (R-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Samuel J. Randall (D-PA)		 Thomas Ferry (R-MI) R 39
D 35
O 2		 D 152
R 141		 Sargent (R) R 2 D 2
1877 D
A
V
I
S		 R 3 D 1 D 23
I 11
R 6		 D 64
R 12
I 4
1876 Ulysses S. Grant (R-IL)
Henry Wilson (R-MA); 1873-75
Schuyler Colfax (R-IN); 1869-73

Ulysses S. Grant (R-IL)
18th President of the United States
March 4, 1869 to March 4, 1877

Re-Elected on November 5, 1872 (286-42-18)
Elected on November 7, 1868 (214-80)

Vice President Henry Wilson (R-MA); from March 4, 1873 to November 22, 1875

Vice President Schuyler Colfax Jr. (R-IN); to March 4, 1873

 44

44th United States Congress
March 4, 1875 to March 4, 1877

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from November 22, 1875
Henry Wilson (R-MA); until November 22, 1875

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Samuel J. Randall (D-PA); from December 4, 1876
Michael C. Kerr (D-IN); until August 19, 1876		 R 45
D 30
O 1		 D 178
R 110
I 4		 D 3
R 1
1875 Michael Kerr (D-IN) Grant/Wilson - 56%
Greeley/Brown - 43%
Other - 1%		 Romualdo Pacheco (R) D/I 14/8
R 18		 I 34
R 27
D 19
1874 43

43rd United States Congress
March 4, 1873 to March 4, 1875

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Henry Wilson (R-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
James G. Blaine (R-ME)		 Matthew Carpenter (R-WI) R 52
D 20
LR 2		 James Blaine (R-ME) R 199
D 89
LR 4		 Hager (D) R 3
D 1		 Newton Booth (R)
Romualdo Pacheco (R)
1873 C
H
A
S
E		 Casserly (D) D 22
R 17
I 1		 R 54
D 25
I 1
1872 42

42nd United States Congress
March 4, 1871 to March 4, 1873

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Schuyler Colfax (R-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
James G. Blaine (R-ME)		 Henry B. Anthony (R-RI) R 56
D 17
LR 1		 R 137
D 103
LR 3		 N
E
L
S
O
N		 Cole (R) R 3
1871 Grant/Colfax - 51%
Seymour/Blair - 49%		 Henry H. Haight (D)
William Holden (D)		 D 26
R 12
I 2		 D 67
R 10
I 3
1870 41

41st United States Congress
March 4, 1869 to March 4, 1871

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Schuyler Colfax (R-IN)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
James G. Blaine (R-ME)		 R 62
D 12		 R 157
D 64
V 17		 D 2
R 1
1869 G
R
I
E
R		 R 21
D 19		 D 52
R 28
1868 Andrew Johnson (D-TN)

Andrew Johnson (D-TN)
17th President of the United States
April 15, 1865 to March 4, 1869

Elevated to the Presidency on April 15, 1865
Elected as Vice President on November 8, 1864 (212-21)

Vice Presidency Vacant

 40

40th United States Congress
March 4, 1867 to March 4, 1869

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Theodore M. Pomeroy (R-ME); from March 3, 1869
Schuyler Colfax (R-IN); until March 3, 1869		 Benjamin Wade (R-OH) R 57
D 9
V 8		 Theodore Pomeroy (R-NY) R 147
D 45
V 51		 Conness (R)
1867 Schuyler Colfax (R-IN) W
A
Y
N
E		 Lincoln/Johnson - 59%
McClellan/Pendleton - 41%		 Frederick Low (R)
Tim Machin (D)		 R 31
D 9		 R 61
D 19
1866 39

39th United States Congress
March 4, 1865 to March 4, 1867

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from April 15, 1865
Andrew Johnson (D-TN); until April 15, 1865

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Schuyler Colfax (R-IN)		 Lafayette S. Foster (R-CT) R 41
D 13
V 20		 R 135
D 54
V 55		 McDougall (D) R 3
1865 C
A
T
R
O
N		 R 35
D 5		 R 70
D 10
1864 Abraham Lincoln (R-IL)
Andrew Johnson (D-TN); 1865
Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME); 1861-65

Abraham Lincoln (R-IL)
16th President of the United States
March 4, 1861 to April 15, 1865

Re-Elected on November 7, 1916 (8-434-88)
Elected on November 3, 1908 (321-162)

Vice President Andrew Johnson (D-TN); from March 4, 1865

Vice President Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME); to March 4, 1865

 38

38th United States Congress
March 4, 1863 to March 4, 1865

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Schuyler Colfax (R-IN)		 Daniel Clark (R-NH) R 33
D 17
V 22		 D 96
R 89
V 56		 T
A
N
E
Y
1863 Solomon Foot (R-VT) Lincoln/Hamlin - 32%
Douglas/Johnson - 32%
Breckinridge/Lane - 28%
Bell/Everett - 8%		 Leland Stanford (R)
John Chellis (D)		 R 31 D 9 R 63 D 17
1862 37

37th United States Congress
March 4, 1861 to March 4, 1863

Senate Control:
    Republican Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Galusha A. Grow (R-PA)		 R 30
D 18
V 20		 Galusha Grow (R-PA) R 109
D 71
V 59		 Latham (D) D 23 R 17 D 41 R 39
1861 M
C
L
E
A
N		 C
A
M
P
B
E
L
L		 John G. Downey (D) D 30 R 6 D 60 R 19 O 1
1860 James Buchanan (D-PA)
John Breckinridge (D-KY)

James Buchanan, Jr. (D-PA)
15th President of the United States
March 4, 1857 to March 4, 1861

Elected on November 3, 1908 (174-114-8)

Vice President John C. Breckinridge (D-KY)

 36

36th United States Congress
March 4, 1859 to March 4, 1861

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John C. Breckinridge (D-KY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
William Pennington (R-NJ)		 Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D-AL)
Jesse Bright (D-IN), June-July 1860		 D 38
R 26
A 2		 William Pennington (R-NJ) R 113
D 100
O 24		 D
A
N
I
E
L		 Gwin (D) D 2 Milton Latham (D) D 33 R 2 D 78 R 2
1859 Buchanan/Breckinridge - 48%
Fillmore/Jackson - 33%
Frémont/Dayton - 19%		 Haun (D) John B. Weller (D)
Joseph Walkup (D)		 D 30 R 4 I 1 D 72 R 8
1858 35

35th United States Congress
March 4, 1857 to March 4, 1859

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John C. Breckinridge (D-KY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
James L. Orr (D-SC)		 D 42
R 20
A 4		 James L. Orr (D-SC) D 131
R 92
A 14		 Broderick (D) D 27 R 5 A 3 D 66 R 9 O 5
1857 Thomas J. Rusk (D-TX) C
U
R
T
I
S		 J. Neely Johnson (A)
Robert Anderson (A)		 D 19 A 11 R 3 D 61 R 11 A 8
1856 Franklin Pierce (D-NH)
William R. King (D-AL); 1853

Franklin Pierce (D-NH)
14th President of the United States
March 4, 1853 to March 4, 1857

Elected on November 2, 1852 (254-42)

Vice President William R. King (D-AL); to April 18, 1853

 34

34th United States Congress
March 4, 1855 to March 4, 1857

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Opposition Coalition

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nathaniel P. Banks (A-MA)		 Jesse Bright (D-IN) D 40
R/W 21
A 1		 Nathaniel Banks (A-MA) O 100
D 83
A 51		 Weller (D) A16 D16 W1 A 56 D 23 I 1
1855 Charles E. Stuart (D-MI) Pierce/King - 53%
Scott/Graham - 47%
Other - 0%		 John Bigler (D)
Samuel Purdy (D)		 D 26 W 7 D 42 W 36 I 2
1854 33

33rd United States Congress
March 4, 1853 to March 4, 1855

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from April 18, 1853
William R. King (D-AL); until April 18, 1853

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Linn Boyd (D-KY)		 Lewis Cass (D-MI) D 39
W/FS 22
A 1		 Linn Boyd (D-KY) D 158
W/FS 76
I 1		 Gwin (D) D 26 W 8 D 68 W 12
1853 David R. Atchison (D-MO) D 20 W 7 D 41 W 22
1852 Millard Fillmore (W-NY)

Millard Fillmore (W-NY)
13th President of the United States
July 9, 1850 to March 4, 1853

Lost Election bid on November 4, 1856 (8-174-114)
Elevated to the Presidency on July 9, 1850
Elected as Vice President on November 7, 1848 (163-127)

Vice Presidency Vacant

 32

32nd United States Congress
March 4, 1851 to March 4, 1853

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Linn Boyd (D-KY)		 William R. King (D-AL) D 36
W 23
FS 3		 D 130
W 86
O 17		 M
C
K
I
N
L
E
Y		 D 26 W 2 D 41 W 21 I 1
1851 W
O
O
D
B
U
R
Y		 United States of America
State of California		 Frémont (D) D 1
I 1		 John McDougal (D) D 10 W 4 I 2 W 18 D 17 I 1
1850 Zachary Taylor (W-LA)
Millard Fillmore (W-NY)

Zachary Taylor (W-LA)
12th President of the United States
March 4, 1849 to July 9, 1850

Elected on November 7, 1848 (163-127)

Vice President Millard Fillmore (W-NY)

 31

31st United States Congress
March 4, 1849 to March 4, 1851

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from July 9, 1850
Millard Fillmore (W-NY); until July 9, 1850

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Howell Cobb (D-GA)		 D 36
W 24
FS 2		 Howell Cobb (D-GA) D 114
W 107
O 11		 Peter H. Burnett (D) I 16 I 36
1849 David R. Atchison (D-MO) Mexican Cession US Military Occupation
1846-1849		 Bennet Riley Persifor F. Smith
1848 James K. Polk (D-TN)
George M. Dallas (D-PA)

James Knox Polk (D-TN)
11th President of the United States
March 4, 1845 to March 4, 1849

Elected on November 5, 1844 (170-105)
Previously served as Speaker of the House from 1835 to 1839

Vice President George M. Dallas (D-PA)

 30

30th United States Congress
March 4, 1847 to March 4, 1849

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Whig Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George M. Dallas (D-PA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Robert C. Winthrop (W-MA)		 D 39
W 21		 Robert C. Winthrop (W-MA) W 116
D 109
O 2		 Richard B. Mason
1847 Stephen Kearney Robert Stockton
1846 29

29th United States Congress
March 4, 1845 to March 4, 1847

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George M. Dallas (D-PA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John W. Davis (D-IN)		 D 31
W 24
FS 1		 John W. Davis (D-IN) D 140
W 78
A 6		 California Republic William B. Ide John Sloat
1845 Ambrose Sevier (D-AR) S
T
O
R
Y		 Mexican Republic República Mexicana
1885-1846		 José Joaquín de Herrera Pío Píco
1844 John Tyler (W-VA)

John Tyler (W-VA)
10th President of the United States
April 4, 1841 to March 4, 1845

Elevated to the Presidency on April 4, 1841
Elected as Vice President on November 3, 1840 (234-60)
Previously served as President Pro Tempore of the Senate in 1835

Vice Presidency Vacant

 28

28th United States Congress
March 4, 1843 to March 4, 1845

Senate Control:
    Whig Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John W. Davis (D-IN)		 Willie P. Magnum (W-NC) W 27
D 24
O 1		 John W. Jones (D-VA) D 148
W 73
O 1		 T
H
O
M
P
S
O
N		 B
A
L
D
W
I
N		 Valentín Canalizo Manuel Micheltorena
1843 Antonio López de Santa Anna
1842 27

27th United States Congress
March 4, 1841 to March 4, 1843

Senate Control:
    Whig Party
House Control:
    Whig Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from April 4, 1841
John Tyler (W-VA); until April 4, 1841

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John White (W-KY)		 W 29
D 22
O 1		 John White (W-KY) W 143
D 99		 Nicolás Bravo Juan Bautista Alvarado
1841 William H. Harrison (W-OH)

William Henry Harrison (W-OH)
9th President of the United States
March 4, 1841 to April 4, 1841

Elected on November 3, 1840 (234-60)

Vice President John Tyler (W-VA)

 Samuel Southard (W-NJ) B
A
R
B
O
U
R		 Antonio López de Santa Anna
1840 Martin Van Buren (D-NY)
Richard M. Johnson (D-KY)

Martin Van Buren (D-NY)
8th President of the United States
March 4, 1837 to March 4, 1841

Lost Re-Election on November 3, 1840 (60-234)
Elected on November 8, 1836 (170-73-26-14-11)

Vice President Richard Mentor Johnson (D-KY)

 26

26th United States Congress
March 4, 1839 to March 4, 1841

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Richard M. Johnson (D-KY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Robert M. T. Hunter (W-VA)		 William R. King (D-AL) D 29
W 23		 Robert Hunter (W-VA) D 125
W 109
8		 Anastasio Bustamante
1839 Antonio López de Santa Anna
1838 25

25th United States Congress
March 4, 1837 to March 4, 1839

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Richard M. Johnson (D-KY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
James K. Polk (D-TN)		 D 35
W 17		 James K. Polk (D-TN) D 130
W 101
11		 Anastasio Bustamante Carlos Antonio Carrillo
1837 Juan Bautista Alvarado
1836 Andrew Jackson (D-TN)
Martin Van Buren (D-NY); 1833-37
John C. Calhoun (D-SC); 1829-32

Andrew Jackson (D-TN)
7th President of the United States
March 4, 1829 to March 4, 1837

Re-Elected on November 6, 1832 (219-49-11-7)
Elected on November 4, 1828 (178-83)
Lost Election bid on February 9, 1825 (7-13-4)
Advanced to Contingent Election on November 2, 1824 (99-84-41-37)

Vice President Martin Van Buren (D-NY); from March 4, 1837

Vice President John C. Calhoun (D-SC); to December 28, 1832

 24

24th United States Congress
March 4, 1835 to March 4, 1837

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Martin Van Buren (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
James K. Polk (D-TN)		 31-19-2 D 141
NR 76
23		 José Justo Corro Mariano Chico
1835 John Tyler (NR-VA) 24-22-2 M
A
R
S
H
A
L
L		 D
U
V
A
L
L		 United Mexican States Estados Unidos Mexicanos
1824-1835		 Miguel Barragán José Figueroa
1834 23

23rd United States Congress
March 4, 1833 to March 4, 1835

Senate Control:
    National Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Martin Van Buren (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John Bell (D-TN); from June 2, 1834
Andrew Stevenson (D-VA); until June 2, 1834		 George Poindexter (NR-MS) NR 26
D 20
O 2		 John Bell (D-TN) D 145
NR 61
34		 J
O
H
N
S
O
N		 Antonio López de Santa Anna
1833 Hugh Lawson White (D-TN) Andrew Stevenson (JD-VA) Valentín Gómez Farías
1832 22

22nd United States Congress
March 4, 1831 to March 4, 1833

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from December 28, 1832
John C. Calhoun (D-SC); until December 28, 1832

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Andrew Stevenson (D-VA)		 Littleton Tazewell (D-VA) D 24
NR 22
O 2		 D 128
NR 65
20		 Melchor Múzquiz José María Echeandía
1831 Samuel Smith (D-MD) Anastasio Bustamante Manuel Victoria
1830 21

21st United States Congress
March 4, 1829 to March 4, 1831

Senate Control:
    Democratic Party
House Control:
    Democratic Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John C. Calhoun (D-SC)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Andrew Stevenson (D-VA)		 D 26
NR 22		 D 135
NR 73
5		 José María Echeandía
1829 W
A
S
H
I
N
G
T
O
N		 Vicente Guerrero
1828 John Q. Adams (D-MA)
John C. Calhoun (D-SC)

John Quincy Adams (D-MA)
6th President of the United States
March 4, 1825 to March 4, 1829

Lost Re-Election on November 4, 1828 (83-178)
Elected on February 9, 1825 (13-7-4)
Advanced to Contingent Election on November 2, 1824 (84-99-41-37)

Vice President John C. Calhoun (D-SC)

 20

20th United States Congress
March 4, 1827 to March 4, 1829

Senate Control:
    Jacksonian Faction
House Control:
    Jacksonian Faction

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John C. Calhoun (JD-SC)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Andrew Stevenson (JD-VA)		 JD 27
AD 20		 JD 113
AD 100
5		 ★ Guadalupe Victoria
1827
1826 19

19th United States Congress
March 4, 1825 to March 4, 1827

Senate Control:
    Jacksonian Faction
House Control:
    Adams Faction

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John C. Calhoun (JD-SC)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John W. Taylor (AD-NY)		 Nathaniel Macon (D-NC) JD 26
AD 22		 John Taylor (AD-NY) AD 107
JD 106
1825 John Gaillard (D-SC) T
O
D
D
1824 James Monroe (D-VA)
Daniel D. Tompkins (D-NY)

James Monroe (D-MA)
5th President of the United States
March 4, 1817 to March 4, 1825

Re-Elected on November 7, 1820 (231-1)
Elected on November 5, 1816 (183-34)

Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins (D-NY)

 18

18th United States Congress
March 4, 1823 to March 4, 1825

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Daniel D. Tompkins (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Henry Clay (D-KY)		 D 43
F 5		 Henry Clay (D-KY) D 189
F 24		 Provisional Government Luis Antonio Argüello
1823 L
I
V
I
N
G
S
T
O
N		 Mexican Empire Imperio Mexicano
1521-1821		 HM Agustín I
1822 17

17th United States Congress
March 4, 1821 to March 4, 1823

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Daniel D. Tompkins (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Philip P. Barbour (D-VA)		 D 44
F 4		 Philip P. Barbour (D-VA) D 157
F 32
1821 Viceroyalty of New Spain Virreinato de Nueva España
1521-1821		 HM Fernando VII Pablo Vicente de Solá
1820 16

16th United States Congress
March 4, 1819 to March 4, 1821

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Daniel D. Tompkins (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
John W. Taylor (D-NY); from November 15, 1820
Henry Clay (D-KY); until October 28, 1820		 D 38
F 8		 John Taylor (D-NY) D 156
F 29
1819 James Barbour (D-VA) Henry Clay (D-KY)
1818 15

15th United States Congress
March 4, 1817 to March 4, 1819

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Daniel D. Tompkins (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Henry Clay (D-KY)		 John Gaillard (D-SC) D 27
F 13		 D 145
F 40
1817
1816 James Madison (D-VA)
Elbridge Gerry (D-MA); 1813-14
George Clinton (D-NY); 1809-12

James Madison (D-VA)
4th President of the United States
March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1817

Re-Elected on November 3, 1812 (128-89)
Elected on November 8, 1808 (122-47)

Vice President Elbridge Gerry (D-MA); from March 4, 1813 to November 23, 1814

Vice President George Clinton (D-NY); to April 20, 1812

 14

14th United States Congress
March 4, 1815 to March 4, 1817

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Henry Clay (D-KY)		 D 25
F 13		 D 119
F 63
1815
1814 13

13th United States Congress
March 4, 1813 to March 4, 1815

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

             
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from November 23, 1814
Elbridge Gerry (D-MA); until November 23, 1814

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Langdon Cheves (D-SC); from January 19, 1814
Henry Clay (D-KY); until January 19, 1814		 D 26
F 10		 Langdon Cheves (D-SC) D 113
F 69		 José Darío Argüello
1813 Joseph Varnum (D-MA) Henry Clay (D-KY) HM José I José Joaquín de Arrillaga
1812 12

12th United States Congress
March 4, 1811 to March 4, 1813

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Vacant; from April 20, 1812
George Clinton (D-MA); until April 20, 1812

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Henry Clay (D-KY)		 William H. Crawford (D-GA) D 29
F 7		 D 106
F 36
1811 John Pope (D-KY) C
H
A
S
E
1810 11

11th United States Congress
March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1811

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Clinton (D-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph Bradley Varnum (D-MA)		 John Gaillard (D-SC) D 26
F 8		 Joseph B. Varnum (D-MA) D 93
F 49		 C
U
S
H
I
N
G
1809 Andrew Gregg (D-PA)
1808 Thomas Jefferson (D-VA)
George Clinton (D-NY); 1805-09
Aaron Burr (D-MA); 1801-05

Thomas Jefferson (D-VA)
3rd President of the United States
March 4, 1801 to March 4, 1809

Re-Elected on November 6, 1804 (162-14)
Elected on February 17, 1801 (10-4)
Advanced to Contingent Election on November 4, 1800 (73-73-65-64)

Vice President George Clinton (D-NY); from March 4, 1805

Vice President Aaron Burr (D-NY); to March 4, 1805

 10

10th United States Congress
March 4, 1807 to March 4, 1809

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Clinton (D-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Joseph Bradley Varnum (D-MA)		 Stephen Bradley (D-VT) D 28
F 6		 D 115
F 27		 HM Fernando VII
1807 HM Carlos IV
1806 9

9th United States Congress
March 4, 1805 to March 4, 1807

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
George Clinton (D-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nathaniel Macon (D-NC)		 Samuel Smith (D-MD) D 27
F 7		 Nathaniel Macon (D-NC) D 114
F 28		 P
A
T
E
R
S
O
N
1805 Joseph Anderson (D-TN)
1804 8

8th United States Congress
March 4, 1803 to March 4, 1805

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Aaron Burr (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nathaniel Macon (D-NC)		 Jesse Franklin (D-NC) D 25
F 9		 D 102
F 40
1803 John Brown (D-KY) M
O
O
R
E
1802 7

7th United States Congress
March 4, 1801 to March 4, 1803

Senate Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Aaron Burr (D-NY)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Nathaniel Macon (D-NC)		 Stephen Bradley (D-VT) 17-15 D 68
F 38
1801 Abraham Baldwin (D-GA) 18-14
1800 John Adams (F-MA)
Thomas Jefferson (D-VA)

John Adams (F-MA)
2nd President of the United States
March 4, 1797 to March 4, 1801

Lost Re-Election on November 4, 1800 (65-73-73-64)
Elected on November 8, 1796 (71-68)

Vice President Thomas Jefferson (D-VA)

 6

6th United States Congress
March 4, 1799 to March 4, 1801

Senate Control:
    Federalist Party
House Control:
    Federalist Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Thomas Jefferson (D-VA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Theodore Sedgwick (F-MA)		 John E. Howard (F-MD) F 21
D 11		 Theodore Sedgwick (F-MA) F 60
D 46		 E
L
L
S
W
O
R
T
H		 Pedro de Alberni
1799 James Ross (F-PA) I
R
E
D
E
L
L		 Diego de Borica
1798 5

5th United States Congress
March 4, 1797 to March 4, 1799

Senate Control:
    Federalist Party
House Control:
    Federalist Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
Thomas Jefferson (D-VA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Jonathan Dayton (F-NJ)		 Theodore Sedgwick (F-MA) F 22
D 10		 Jonathan Dayton (F-NJ) F 56
D 50		 W
I
L
S
O
N
1797 William Bradford (F-RI)
1796 George Washington (I-VA)
John Adams (F-MA)

George Washington (I-VA)
1st President of the United States
April 30, 1789 to March 4, 1797

Re-Elected on November 6, 1792 (132-77-50-4-1)
Elected on December 15, 1788 (69-34-9-6-6)

Vice President John Adams (F-MA)

 4

4th United States Congress
March 4, 1795 to March 4, 1797

Senate Control:
    Federalist Party
House Control:
    Democratic-Republican Party

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John Adams (F-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Jonathan Dayton (F-NJ)		 Samuel Livermore (F-NH) F 21
D 11		 D 59
F 47
1795 Henry Tazewell (D-VA) ★ B
L
A
I
R
1794 3

3rd United States Congress
March 4, 1793 to March 4, 1795

Senate Control:
    Pro-Administration Faction
House Control:
    Anti-Administration Faction

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John Adams (PA-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Frederick Muhlenberg (AA-NJ)		 Ralph Izard (PA-SC) PA 16
AA 14		 Frederick Muhlenberg (AA-PA) AA 55
PA 50		 J
A
Y
1793 John Langdon (PA-NH) José Joaquín de Arrillaga
1792 2

2nd United States Congress
March 4, 1791 to March 4, 1793

Senate Control:
    Pro-Administration Faction
House Control:
    Pro-Administration Faction

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John Adams (PA-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Jonathan Trumbull Jr. (PA-CT)		 PA 17
AA 13		 Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. (PA-PA) PA 39
AA 30		 ★ José Antonio Roméu
1791 Richard Henry Lee (AA-VA) ★
1790 1

1st United States Congress
March 4, 1789 to March 4, 1791

Senate Control:
    Pro-Administration Faction
House Control:
    Pro-Administration Faction

      
Vice President and President of the Senate:
John Adams (PA-MA)

Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Frederick Muhlenberg (PA-PA)		 John Langdon (PA-NH) 18-8 Frederick Muhlenberg (PA-PA) 37-28 Pedro Fages
1789 IX

Ninth Congress of the Confederation
November 3, 1788 to March 3, 1789

Meeting Place:
    Walter Livingston House • New York, New York


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Vacant; from November 15, 1788
Cyrus Griffin (VA); until November 15, 1788		 Cyrus Griffin (VA)
1788 Congress of the Confederation
1781-1789		 VIII

Eighth Congress of the Confederation
November 5, 1787 to October 31, 1788

Meeting Place:
    Walter Livingston House • New York, New York; from October 8, 1788
    City Hall, New York, New York; until October 6, 1788


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Cyrus Griffin (VA)		 HM Carlos III
1787 VII

Seventh Congress of the Confederation
November 6, 1786 to November 4, 1787

Meeting Place:
    City Hall, New York, New York


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Arthur St. Clair (PA)		 Arthur St. Clair (PA)
1786 VI

Sixth Congress of the Confederation
November 7, 1785 to November 2, 1786

Meeting Place:
    City Hall, New York, New York

      
President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Nathaniel Gorham (MA); from June 6, 1786
John Hancock (MA); until June 5, 1786		 Nathaniel Gorham (MA); from June 6, 1786 • John Hancock (MA); until June 5, 1786
1785 V

Fifth Congress of the Confederation
November 1, 1784 to November 6, 1785

Meeting Place:
    City Hall, New York, New York; from January 11, 1785
    French Arms Tavern, Trenton, New Jersey; until December 24, 1784


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Richard Henry Lee (VA)		 Richard Henry Lee (VA)
1784 IV

Fourth Congress of the Confederation
November 3, 1783 to June 3, 1784

Meeting Place:
    Maryland State House, Annapolis, Maryland; from November 26, 1783
    Nassau Hall, Princeton, New Jersey; until November 4, 1783


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Thomas Mifflin (PA)		 Thomas Mifflin (PA)
1783 III

Third Congress of the Confederation
November 4, 1782 to November 1, 1783

Meeting Place:
    Nassau Hall, Princeton, New Jersey; from June 30, 1783
    Pennsylvania State House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; until June 21, 1783


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Elias Boudinot (NJ)		 Elias Boudinot (NJ)
1782 II

Second Congress of the Confederation
November 5, 1781 to November 2, 1782

Meeting Place:
    Pennsylvania State House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania


President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
John Hanson (MD)		 John Hanson (MD) Felipe de Neve
1781 I

First Congress of the Confederation
March 2, 1781 to November 3, 1781

Meeting Place:
    Pennsylvania State House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

      
President of the United States in Congress Assembled:
Thomas McKean (DE); from July 10, 1781
Samuel Huntington (CT); until July 10, 1781		 Thomas McKean (DE)
1780 Continental Congress
1774-1781		 2

Second Continental Congress
May 10, 1775 to March 1, 1781

Meeting Place:
    Pennsylvania State House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; from July 21, 1778
    College Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; July 2, 1778 to July 20, 1778
    Court House, York, Pennsylvania; September 30, 1777 to June 27, 1778
    Court House, Lancaster, Pennsylvania; September 27, 1777
    Pennsylvania State House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; March 5, 1777 to September 18, 1777
    Henry Fite House, Baltimore, Maryland; December 20, 1776 to February 27, 1777
    Pennsylvania State House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; until December 12, 1776

             

      
President of the Continental Congress:
Samuel Huntington (CT); from September 28, 1779
John Jay (NY); December 10, 1778 to September 28, 1779
Henry Laurens (SC); November 1, 1777 to December 9, 1778
John Hancock (MA); May 24, 1775 to October 29, 1777
Peyton Randolph (VA); until May 24, 1775		 Samuel Huntington (CT)
1779 John Jay (NY)
1778 Henry Laurens (SC)
1777 John Hancock (MA) Fernando Rivera y Moncada
1776
1775 Peyton Randolph (VA)
1774 1

First Continental Congress
September 5, 1774 to October 26, 1774

Meeting Place:
    Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

      
President of the Continental Congress:
Henry Middleton (SC); from October 22, 1774
Peyton Randolph (VA); until October 22, 1774		 Henry Middleton (SC) Pedro Fages
1773 Thirteen Colonies
1607–1776		 HM George III Frederick North, Lord North (Tory)
1772
1771
1770 Gaspar de Portolá
1769 Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton (Whig)
1768 William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham (Whig)
1767
1766 Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (Whig) Spanish Viceroys:
Carlos Francisco de Croix  1766-1771
Joaquín de Montserrat  1760-1766
Francisco Cajigal de la Vega  1760
Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón  1755-1760
Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas  1746-1755
Pedro Cebrián y Agustín  1742-1746
Pedro Malo de Villavicencio  1741-1742
Pedro de Castro Figueroa y Salazar  1740-1741
Juan de Acuña y Bejarano  1722-1734
Baltasar de Zúñiga Guzmán Sotomayor  1716-1722
Fernando de Alencastre Noroña y Silva  1710-1716
Francisco V Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez  1702-1710
Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño  1701-1702
José Sarmiento Valladares Arines de Romay  1696-1701
Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño  1696
Gaspar Melchor Baltasar  1688-1696
Melchor Portocarrero y Lasso de la Vega  1686-1688
Tomás Antonio Manuel Lorenzo de la Cerda  1680-1686
Payo Enríquez de Rivera Manrique  1673-1680
Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro  1673
Antonio Sebastián de Toledo Molina  1664-1673
Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas  1664
Juan de Leyva de la Cerda  1660-1664
Francisco Fernández de la Cueva  1653-1660
Luis Enríquez de Guzmán  1650-1653
Marcos de Torres y Rueda  1648-1649
García Sarmiento de Sotomayor  1642-1648
Juan de Palafox y Mendoza  1642
Diego Roque López Pacheco Cabrera  1640-1642
Lope Díez de Aux de Armendáriz  1635-1640
Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio de Toledo  1624-1635
Diego Carrillo de Mendoza y Pimentel  1621-1624
Diego Fernández de Córdoba  1612-1621
García Guerra  1611-1612
Luís de Velasco  1607-1611
Juan de Mendoza y Luna  1603-1607
Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Fonseca  1595-1603
Luís de Velasco  1590-1595
Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga  1585-1590
Pedro de Moya y Contrerás  1584-1585
Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza  1580-1583
Martín Enríquez de Almanza  1568-1580
Gastón Carrillo de Peralta y Bosquete  1566-1567
Luís de Velasco  1550-1564
Antonio de Mendoza  1535-1550
1765
1764 George Grenville (Whig)
1763
1762 John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (Tory)
1761 Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle
1760
Before 1760 British Monarchs:

HM George II  1727-1760

HM George I  1714-1727

HM Anne  1702-1714

HM William III  1689-1702

HM Mary II  1689-1694

HM James II  1685-1688

HM Charles II  1660-1685


British Lord Protectors:

Richard Cromwell  1658-1659

Oliver Cromwell  1653-1658


British Monarchs:

HM Charles I  1625-1649

HM James I  1603-1625		 British Prime Ministers:

Thomas Pelham-Holles (Whig)  1757-1762

William Cavendish (Whig)  1756-1757

Thomas Pelham-Holles (Whig)  1754-1756

Henry Pelham (Whig)  1743-1754

Spencer Compton (Whig)  1742-1743

Robert Walpole (Whig)  1721-1742		 Before 1760 Spanish Monarchs:

HM Fernando VI  1746-1759

HM Felipe V  1724-1746

HM Luis I  1724

HM Felipe V  1700-1724

HM Carlos II  1665-1700

HM Felipe IV  1621-1665

HM Felipe III  1598-1621

HM Felipe II  1556-1598

HIM Carlos I  1516-1556
NOTE: After 1921, the de facto leader of Senate became the Majority Leader, as such, that individual is listed with the de jure leader, the President Pro Tempore, in smaller text. From 1913-1920, the Democratic Leader listed was officially the Democratic Whip. Before 1913, the de jure and de facto elected leader in the US Senate was the President Pro Tempore. After the adoption of the Constitution, the Congress was split into two chamber (House & Senate), under the Articles of Confederation (1781-1789) and statutory convention (1776-1781), there was a President of the (Continental/Confederation) Congress that served as leader of the legislature.

KEY
Modern Political Affiliations:
D - Democratic Party (1828-)   Jacksonian Party (1825-1828); Democratic-Republican Party (1796-1825)
R - Republican Party (1854-)   National Union Party (1864)
I - Independent (Unaffiliated)
O - Other   Usually a combination of independents and/or smaller parties other than the two main parties

Historical Political Affiliations and Third Parties:
A - American Party (1844-1860)   Also known as the Know Nothing Party
AA - Anti-Administration Faction (1789-1796)   Evolved into the Democratic-Republican Party
AD - Anti-Jacksonian Faction of the Democratic-Republican Party (1824-1828)   Evolved into the National Republican Party
FL - Farmer-Labor Party (1918-1936)   Most merged into the Democratic Party
F - Federalist Party (1789-1824)   Dissolved with most former members creating the National Republican Party
FS - Free Soil Party (1848-1854)   Split from the Whig Party; Liberty Party (1840-1848)
JD - Jacksonian Faction of the Democratic-Republican Party (1824-1828)   Took control of the Democratic-Republican Party
LR - Liberal Republican Party (1870-1872)   Split from the Republican Party and members dispersed back into the Democratic and Republican Parties
NR - National Republican Party (1824-1834)   Evolved into the Whig Party
PO - Populist Party (1892-1909)   Dissolved and members dispersed back into the Democratic and Republican Parties
P - Progressive Party (1912-1916, 1924-1946)   Wisconsin Progressive Party (1934-1946); Originally split from the Republican Party
PRO - Prohibition Party (1869-)
PA - Pro-Administration Faction (1789-1794)   Most merged into the Federalist Party
S - Socialist Party (1901-1972)
V - Vacancy due to the Civil War & Reconstruction (1860-1868)
W - Whig Party (1833-1856)   Most merged into the Republican Party